PEN2602
Assignment 2 Semester 1 2025
Unique Number:
Due Date: April 2025
QUESTION 1
1.1
Social hierarchies in correctional facilities form based on several factors, including race,
gang affiliation, past criminal history, and perceived strength or influence. Inmates often
group themselves with others who share similar backgrounds or interests for protection and
survival. Those with connections to established prison gangs or leadership roles tend to gain
power and control over resources such as food, contraband, and access to certain
privileges. Over time, these groupings create a structure where certain individuals or groups
hold more authority than others, influencing behaviour and decision-making within the
inmate population. As seen in the case study, inmates like Loli who remain neutral may
become targets until they align with a group, showing how social hierarchy shapes safety
and identity within the prison.
DISCLAIMER & TERMS OF USE
Educational Aid: These study notes are intended to be used as educational resources and should not be seen as a
replacement for individual research, critical analysis, or professional consultation. Students are encouraged to perform
their own research and seek advice from their instructors or academic advisors for specific assignment guidelines.
Personal Responsibility: While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the information in
these study notes, the seller does not guarantee the completeness or correctness of all content. The buyer is
responsible for verifying the accuracy of the information and exercising their own judgment when applying it to their
assignments.
Academic Integrity: It is essential for students to maintain academic integrity and follow their institution's policies
regarding plagiarism, citation, and referencing. These study notes should be used as learning tools and sources of
inspiration. Any direct reproduction of the content without proper citation and acknowledgment may be considered
academic misconduct.
Limited Liability: The seller shall not be liable for any direct or indirect damages, losses, or consequences arising from
the use of these notes. This includes, but is not limited to, poor academic performance, penalties, or any other negative
consequences resulting from the application or misuse of the information provided.
, For additional support +27 81 278 3372
QUESTION 1
1.1 How do social hierarchies form in correctional facilities?
Social hierarchies in correctional facilities form based on several factors, including
race, gang affiliation, past criminal history, and perceived strength or influence.
Inmates often group themselves with others who share similar backgrounds or
interests for protection and survival. Those with connections to established prison
gangs or leadership roles tend to gain power and control over resources such as
food, contraband, and access to certain privileges. Over time, these groupings
create a structure where certain individuals or groups hold more authority than
others, influencing behaviour and decision-making within the inmate population. As
seen in the case study, inmates like Loli who remain neutral may become targets
until they align with a group, showing how social hierarchy shapes safety and identity
within the prison.
1.2 What role do informal rules play in maintaining order among inmates?
Informal rules are unwritten codes of conduct established by inmates that govern
behaviour, respect, and interaction within the prison. These rules often fill the gaps
left by formal regulations and are enforced through social pressure or intimidation.
They help maintain order by creating boundaries for acceptable behaviour, ensuring
that certain acts, such as betrayal or disrespect, are met with consequences.
Informal rules also reinforce the hierarchy and the balance of power between groups.
In the case study, ongoing tensions and conflicts suggest that while correctional staff
enforce formal discipline, inmates continue to follow their own informal rules to
maintain internal control and respect.
QUESTION 2
2.1
Conflict in correctional centres like Greenwood Correctional Centre often results from
several interacting factors. One key contributor is the formation of inmate social
hierarchies and group rivalries. Inmates tend to organise themselves into groups
Assignment 2 Semester 1 2025
Unique Number:
Due Date: April 2025
QUESTION 1
1.1
Social hierarchies in correctional facilities form based on several factors, including race,
gang affiliation, past criminal history, and perceived strength or influence. Inmates often
group themselves with others who share similar backgrounds or interests for protection and
survival. Those with connections to established prison gangs or leadership roles tend to gain
power and control over resources such as food, contraband, and access to certain
privileges. Over time, these groupings create a structure where certain individuals or groups
hold more authority than others, influencing behaviour and decision-making within the
inmate population. As seen in the case study, inmates like Loli who remain neutral may
become targets until they align with a group, showing how social hierarchy shapes safety
and identity within the prison.
DISCLAIMER & TERMS OF USE
Educational Aid: These study notes are intended to be used as educational resources and should not be seen as a
replacement for individual research, critical analysis, or professional consultation. Students are encouraged to perform
their own research and seek advice from their instructors or academic advisors for specific assignment guidelines.
Personal Responsibility: While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the information in
these study notes, the seller does not guarantee the completeness or correctness of all content. The buyer is
responsible for verifying the accuracy of the information and exercising their own judgment when applying it to their
assignments.
Academic Integrity: It is essential for students to maintain academic integrity and follow their institution's policies
regarding plagiarism, citation, and referencing. These study notes should be used as learning tools and sources of
inspiration. Any direct reproduction of the content without proper citation and acknowledgment may be considered
academic misconduct.
Limited Liability: The seller shall not be liable for any direct or indirect damages, losses, or consequences arising from
the use of these notes. This includes, but is not limited to, poor academic performance, penalties, or any other negative
consequences resulting from the application or misuse of the information provided.
, For additional support +27 81 278 3372
QUESTION 1
1.1 How do social hierarchies form in correctional facilities?
Social hierarchies in correctional facilities form based on several factors, including
race, gang affiliation, past criminal history, and perceived strength or influence.
Inmates often group themselves with others who share similar backgrounds or
interests for protection and survival. Those with connections to established prison
gangs or leadership roles tend to gain power and control over resources such as
food, contraband, and access to certain privileges. Over time, these groupings
create a structure where certain individuals or groups hold more authority than
others, influencing behaviour and decision-making within the inmate population. As
seen in the case study, inmates like Loli who remain neutral may become targets
until they align with a group, showing how social hierarchy shapes safety and identity
within the prison.
1.2 What role do informal rules play in maintaining order among inmates?
Informal rules are unwritten codes of conduct established by inmates that govern
behaviour, respect, and interaction within the prison. These rules often fill the gaps
left by formal regulations and are enforced through social pressure or intimidation.
They help maintain order by creating boundaries for acceptable behaviour, ensuring
that certain acts, such as betrayal or disrespect, are met with consequences.
Informal rules also reinforce the hierarchy and the balance of power between groups.
In the case study, ongoing tensions and conflicts suggest that while correctional staff
enforce formal discipline, inmates continue to follow their own informal rules to
maintain internal control and respect.
QUESTION 2
2.1
Conflict in correctional centres like Greenwood Correctional Centre often results from
several interacting factors. One key contributor is the formation of inmate social
hierarchies and group rivalries. Inmates tend to organise themselves into groups
