1. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed metformin
for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should monitor for
which of the following adverse effects?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Lactic acidosis
D. Constipation
Answer: c) Lactic acidosis
Rationale: Metformin can cause lactic acidosis, a serious
adverse effect. The nurse should monitor for symptoms
such as muscle pain, weakness, and respiratory distress.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed
atorvastatin. The nurse should monitor the client for which
of the following adverse effects?
A. Muscle pain or weakness
B. Hyperglycemia
C. Weight gain
D. Blurred vision
Answer: a) Muscle pain or weakness
Rationale: Atorvastatin and other statins can cause muscle
pain or weakness (myopathy), which can indicate a more
serious condition called rhabdomyolysis.
3. A nurse is caring for a client receiving furosemide. Which
of the following findings should the nurse monitor for as a
potential adverse effect?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypotension
,D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: b) Hypokalemia
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause
potassium loss, leading to hypokalemia. The nurse should
monitor potassium levels and provide supplementation as
needed.
4. A nurse is caring for a client receiving a blood
transfusion. The nurse should monitor the client for which of
the following signs of an allergic reaction?
A. Tachycardia
B. Fever and chills
C. Rash and itching
D. Cyanosis
Answer: c) Rash and itching
Rationale: Rash and itching are common signs of an allergic
reaction to a blood transfusion. The nurse should stop the
transfusion and notify the provider if these symptoms occur.
5. A nurse is administering vancomycin to a client. The
nurse should administer the medication slowly to avoid
which of the following adverse effects?
A. Cardiac arrhythmias
B. Red man syndrome
C. Hypertension
D. Seizures
Answer: b) Red man syndrome
Rationale: Administering vancomycin too quickly can cause
red man syndrome, characterized by a red rash,
hypotension, and flushing.
6. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed a thiazide
, diuretic. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the
following adverse effects?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypokalemia
Answer: d) Hypokalemia
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics can lead to potassium loss,
which can result in hypokalemia. The nurse should monitor
potassium levels and supplement as necessary.
7. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of an inhaled
corticosteroid. Which of the following statements by the
client indicates the need for further teaching?
A. "I should rinse my mouth after using this medication."
B. "I can stop using this medication if my symptoms
improve."
C. "This medication will help prevent inflammation in my
lungs."
D. "I should use a spacer with my inhaler."
Answer: b) "I can stop using this medication if my symptoms
improve."
Rationale: Inhaled corticosteroids should be used regularly
to prevent inflammation, even when symptoms improve.
Stopping the medication may lead to a recurrence of
symptoms.
8. A nurse is caring for a client receiving antibiotics for a
urinary tract infection. Which of the following should the
nurse include in the teaching?
A. "Increase your fluid intake to help prevent crystal
formation."
for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should monitor for
which of the following adverse effects?
A. Hypoglycemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Lactic acidosis
D. Constipation
Answer: c) Lactic acidosis
Rationale: Metformin can cause lactic acidosis, a serious
adverse effect. The nurse should monitor for symptoms
such as muscle pain, weakness, and respiratory distress.
2. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed
atorvastatin. The nurse should monitor the client for which
of the following adverse effects?
A. Muscle pain or weakness
B. Hyperglycemia
C. Weight gain
D. Blurred vision
Answer: a) Muscle pain or weakness
Rationale: Atorvastatin and other statins can cause muscle
pain or weakness (myopathy), which can indicate a more
serious condition called rhabdomyolysis.
3. A nurse is caring for a client receiving furosemide. Which
of the following findings should the nurse monitor for as a
potential adverse effect?
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypotension
,D. Hypercalcemia
Answer: b) Hypokalemia
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause
potassium loss, leading to hypokalemia. The nurse should
monitor potassium levels and provide supplementation as
needed.
4. A nurse is caring for a client receiving a blood
transfusion. The nurse should monitor the client for which of
the following signs of an allergic reaction?
A. Tachycardia
B. Fever and chills
C. Rash and itching
D. Cyanosis
Answer: c) Rash and itching
Rationale: Rash and itching are common signs of an allergic
reaction to a blood transfusion. The nurse should stop the
transfusion and notify the provider if these symptoms occur.
5. A nurse is administering vancomycin to a client. The
nurse should administer the medication slowly to avoid
which of the following adverse effects?
A. Cardiac arrhythmias
B. Red man syndrome
C. Hypertension
D. Seizures
Answer: b) Red man syndrome
Rationale: Administering vancomycin too quickly can cause
red man syndrome, characterized by a red rash,
hypotension, and flushing.
6. A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed a thiazide
, diuretic. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the
following adverse effects?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Hypokalemia
Answer: d) Hypokalemia
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics can lead to potassium loss,
which can result in hypokalemia. The nurse should monitor
potassium levels and supplement as necessary.
7. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of an inhaled
corticosteroid. Which of the following statements by the
client indicates the need for further teaching?
A. "I should rinse my mouth after using this medication."
B. "I can stop using this medication if my symptoms
improve."
C. "This medication will help prevent inflammation in my
lungs."
D. "I should use a spacer with my inhaler."
Answer: b) "I can stop using this medication if my symptoms
improve."
Rationale: Inhaled corticosteroids should be used regularly
to prevent inflammation, even when symptoms improve.
Stopping the medication may lead to a recurrence of
symptoms.
8. A nurse is caring for a client receiving antibiotics for a
urinary tract infection. Which of the following should the
nurse include in the teaching?
A. "Increase your fluid intake to help prevent crystal
formation."
