Blood:
Extraction of blood:
1. Centrifuge blood; it will settle into different layers (as coagulation
cascade/platelets are activated):
a. Thick, clear top plasma (used in diagnostics: clinical chemistry,
microbiology, virology, chemical path etc. If clotted, it is called
a “serum”)
b. Thin grey/white layer; buffy layer of WBC *
c. Major layer of RBC * (cells used for ID of disease, differential
cell count, isolation of DNA to show genetic disease or risk
factors.)
2. Smear prepared, cells are stained (Romanovsky stains), ID via LMS
Four main components of blood (formed by hematopoietic tissue):
1. Red blood cells (erythrocytes) – transport oxygen from the lungs to peripheral tissues.
2. White blood cells (leukocytes) – defense role: kill infectious organisms, removal dead/damaged tissues.
3. Platelets (thrombocytes) – first line defense against damage to blood vessels, adhere to defects, blood clotting
4. Plasma – proteinaceous solution in which blood cells circulate, carry nutrients, metabolites, hormones, proteins
of blood clotting system and other molecules (amorphous ground substance lacking connective tissue fibers)
,
Extraction of blood:
1. Centrifuge blood; it will settle into different layers (as coagulation
cascade/platelets are activated):
a. Thick, clear top plasma (used in diagnostics: clinical chemistry,
microbiology, virology, chemical path etc. If clotted, it is called
a “serum”)
b. Thin grey/white layer; buffy layer of WBC *
c. Major layer of RBC * (cells used for ID of disease, differential
cell count, isolation of DNA to show genetic disease or risk
factors.)
2. Smear prepared, cells are stained (Romanovsky stains), ID via LMS
Four main components of blood (formed by hematopoietic tissue):
1. Red blood cells (erythrocytes) – transport oxygen from the lungs to peripheral tissues.
2. White blood cells (leukocytes) – defense role: kill infectious organisms, removal dead/damaged tissues.
3. Platelets (thrombocytes) – first line defense against damage to blood vessels, adhere to defects, blood clotting
4. Plasma – proteinaceous solution in which blood cells circulate, carry nutrients, metabolites, hormones, proteins
of blood clotting system and other molecules (amorphous ground substance lacking connective tissue fibers)
,
