PSYC 2301 Final Study Guide Questions And Answers
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A __________ is a specific question or prediction to be tested, whereas a _________ tries to integrate and
summarize a large number of findings. ANS Hypothesis; theory
A neuron's resting potential is due to the greater concentration of: ANS Potassium ions inside the
neuron and the greater concentration of sodium ions outside the neuron.
A perfect positive correlation: ANS Would mean that every time factor A occurred, Factor B also
occurred.
A researcher sets out to test the following statement: "Adolescents are more likely to start smoking if one
or both of their parents smokes." This statement is an example of: ANS A hypothesis
After analyzing her data, professor Nelson discovers that a correlation coefficient of +.75 exists between
the amount of coffee a person drinks and the degree of stress experienced. Professor Nelson can safely
conclude that: ANS As coffee consumption increases, stress also increases.
After having too many drinks at a party, your friend awkwardly stumbles into a table, almost knocking it
over. Your friend's coordination for simple actions, such as walking between two tables, is reduced
because the alcohol has affected his: ANS Cerebellum
An action potential occurs when: ANS Sodium ions enter the axon's interior, causing a brief positive
electrical impulse.
As you are taking a test, you inadvertently drop your pencil, reach down, pick it up, and put it back on the
desk. This voluntary action involved motor signals that were communicated out to your muscles via the
_____ nervous system. ANS Somatic
As you are listening to a lecture, workers are repairing a wall just outside your classroom. Throughout the
class, you find yourself coughing and sneezing because of the dust and fumes in the air. Which brain
structure controls such vital reflexes as sneezing, coughing, and swallowing? ANS The medulla
,Compared to neurons that do not have myelin, neurons with myelin: ANS Can communicate up to
100 times faster.
Dr. Martinez is studying the effects of diet on mental alertness. Each morning for two weeks, participants
in Dr. Martinez's study eat a breakfast that is either high in carbohydrates or high in protein. Dr. Martinez
then measures the participants' abilities to solve geometry problems. What is the dependent variable in
this study? ANS Ability to solve geometry problems.
Each cerebral hemisphere can roughly divide into four lobes. Which lobe processes auditory information?
ANS The temporal lobe.
Empirical evidence refers to evidence that is the result of: ANS Observation, measurement, and
experimentation.
In Dr. Foster's study, one group is given a new medication that is believed to reduce anxiety. Another
group is given a medication that looks like the real medication, but that contains none of the active
ingredients that would affect anxiety. In this experience, the experimental group is the: ANS Group
that received the new medication.
In a study on the effects of caffeine on memory, participants drank a bottle of tasteless water containing
100, 50, or 0 milligrams of caffeine. The participants assigned to the group that drank bottles of water
with no caffeine represented the _____________ in this study. ANS Placebo control group
In an experiment, the factor that is observed and measured for change and is thought to be influenced by
the independent variable is called the: ANS Dependent variable.
In combination, the brain and spinal cord make up the: ANS Central nervous system.
In general, the sympathetic nervous system ___________, while the parasympathetic nervous system
_______________. ANS Arouses and mobilizes; maintains and converses.
In order to increase confidence in the findings of a particular study, it is important that the study and its
results: ANS Be repeated or replicated.
, In reading these test questions, you are primarily using your _____ to understand what you are reading.
ANS Left hemisphere
Joanna has suffered a series of personal setbacks, including the death of a family member, academic
problems in college, and a divorce. She feels so sad, upset, and lonely that she is contemplating suicide.
Joanna could probably best be helped by a _____ psychologist. ANS Clinical
Key figures in the development of behaviorism include: ANS Watson, Pavlov, and Skinner.
Limitations of the experimental method include which of the following? ANS It may not be ethical or
possible to experimentally investigate some issues.
Lynn has just received a research grant to study the effect of downsizing on morale at a large computer
company. Lynn is most likely a(n) _____ psychologist. ANS Industrial/organizational
Maria heard a strange banging noise just outside her bedroom window in the middle of the night. She
froze in fear, and her heart began to pound. Maria's heightened physical arousal involved the activation of
which subdivision of the nervous system? ANS Sympathetic nervous system
Most neurons have all of the following parts, EXCEPT: ANS Association areas.
Multiple sclerosis is a disease that involves: ANS the degeneration of the myelin sheath, slowing or
interrupting the transmission of neural messages.
Neurotransmitters: ANS Are present in extremely small quantities in the brain.
Professor Romero discovered a short in the wiring system of the overhead projector in her classroom.
When she touched the metal edge of the projector, she got an electric shock and instantly jerked her hand
back. This instantaneous reaction is an example of: ANS A spinal reflex.
Professor Hebb is studying whether learning is affected by different environments. He raises some rats in
cages with many interesting objects to play on and explore. Other rats are raised in isolated, barren cages
with none of the interesting objects. Later, Hebb carefully records how many attempts it takes each rat to
Verified Updates
A __________ is a specific question or prediction to be tested, whereas a _________ tries to integrate and
summarize a large number of findings. ANS Hypothesis; theory
A neuron's resting potential is due to the greater concentration of: ANS Potassium ions inside the
neuron and the greater concentration of sodium ions outside the neuron.
A perfect positive correlation: ANS Would mean that every time factor A occurred, Factor B also
occurred.
A researcher sets out to test the following statement: "Adolescents are more likely to start smoking if one
or both of their parents smokes." This statement is an example of: ANS A hypothesis
After analyzing her data, professor Nelson discovers that a correlation coefficient of +.75 exists between
the amount of coffee a person drinks and the degree of stress experienced. Professor Nelson can safely
conclude that: ANS As coffee consumption increases, stress also increases.
After having too many drinks at a party, your friend awkwardly stumbles into a table, almost knocking it
over. Your friend's coordination for simple actions, such as walking between two tables, is reduced
because the alcohol has affected his: ANS Cerebellum
An action potential occurs when: ANS Sodium ions enter the axon's interior, causing a brief positive
electrical impulse.
As you are taking a test, you inadvertently drop your pencil, reach down, pick it up, and put it back on the
desk. This voluntary action involved motor signals that were communicated out to your muscles via the
_____ nervous system. ANS Somatic
As you are listening to a lecture, workers are repairing a wall just outside your classroom. Throughout the
class, you find yourself coughing and sneezing because of the dust and fumes in the air. Which brain
structure controls such vital reflexes as sneezing, coughing, and swallowing? ANS The medulla
,Compared to neurons that do not have myelin, neurons with myelin: ANS Can communicate up to
100 times faster.
Dr. Martinez is studying the effects of diet on mental alertness. Each morning for two weeks, participants
in Dr. Martinez's study eat a breakfast that is either high in carbohydrates or high in protein. Dr. Martinez
then measures the participants' abilities to solve geometry problems. What is the dependent variable in
this study? ANS Ability to solve geometry problems.
Each cerebral hemisphere can roughly divide into four lobes. Which lobe processes auditory information?
ANS The temporal lobe.
Empirical evidence refers to evidence that is the result of: ANS Observation, measurement, and
experimentation.
In Dr. Foster's study, one group is given a new medication that is believed to reduce anxiety. Another
group is given a medication that looks like the real medication, but that contains none of the active
ingredients that would affect anxiety. In this experience, the experimental group is the: ANS Group
that received the new medication.
In a study on the effects of caffeine on memory, participants drank a bottle of tasteless water containing
100, 50, or 0 milligrams of caffeine. The participants assigned to the group that drank bottles of water
with no caffeine represented the _____________ in this study. ANS Placebo control group
In an experiment, the factor that is observed and measured for change and is thought to be influenced by
the independent variable is called the: ANS Dependent variable.
In combination, the brain and spinal cord make up the: ANS Central nervous system.
In general, the sympathetic nervous system ___________, while the parasympathetic nervous system
_______________. ANS Arouses and mobilizes; maintains and converses.
In order to increase confidence in the findings of a particular study, it is important that the study and its
results: ANS Be repeated or replicated.
, In reading these test questions, you are primarily using your _____ to understand what you are reading.
ANS Left hemisphere
Joanna has suffered a series of personal setbacks, including the death of a family member, academic
problems in college, and a divorce. She feels so sad, upset, and lonely that she is contemplating suicide.
Joanna could probably best be helped by a _____ psychologist. ANS Clinical
Key figures in the development of behaviorism include: ANS Watson, Pavlov, and Skinner.
Limitations of the experimental method include which of the following? ANS It may not be ethical or
possible to experimentally investigate some issues.
Lynn has just received a research grant to study the effect of downsizing on morale at a large computer
company. Lynn is most likely a(n) _____ psychologist. ANS Industrial/organizational
Maria heard a strange banging noise just outside her bedroom window in the middle of the night. She
froze in fear, and her heart began to pound. Maria's heightened physical arousal involved the activation of
which subdivision of the nervous system? ANS Sympathetic nervous system
Most neurons have all of the following parts, EXCEPT: ANS Association areas.
Multiple sclerosis is a disease that involves: ANS the degeneration of the myelin sheath, slowing or
interrupting the transmission of neural messages.
Neurotransmitters: ANS Are present in extremely small quantities in the brain.
Professor Romero discovered a short in the wiring system of the overhead projector in her classroom.
When she touched the metal edge of the projector, she got an electric shock and instantly jerked her hand
back. This instantaneous reaction is an example of: ANS A spinal reflex.
Professor Hebb is studying whether learning is affected by different environments. He raises some rats in
cages with many interesting objects to play on and explore. Other rats are raised in isolated, barren cages
with none of the interesting objects. Later, Hebb carefully records how many attempts it takes each rat to
