Electrolyte Homeostasis Part 1 Cheat Sheet
by felixcharlie (felixcharlie) via cheatography.com/142439/cs/30999/
Overview
Overview
Electrolyte homeostasis is the interplay of electrolyte intake and absorption, electrolyte distribution, electrolyte excretion, and electrolyte lo
through abnormal routes
If electrolyte excretion or loss through abnormal routes increases, electrolyte intake also must increase to prevent electrolyte imbalance
There are many things that may cause an electrolyte imbalance
Hormones
Hormonesinvolved
involvedininmaintaining
maintainingfluid
fluidbalance
balance Water (cont)
Hormone Net effect 1L of water = 1kg weight so daily weighs can be a good indicator of
ADH Blood pressure increases (with fluid intake); blood whether a patient is maintaining good fluid & electrolyte balance
(Antid‐ volume increases (with fluid intake); blood osmolarity Intake sources: Liquids (1500mL/day), Solid foods (800mL/day),
iuretic decreases Metabolism (300mL/day)
hormone) Fluid loss sources: Kidney (1200-1500mL/day), Skin (500-600m‐
Renin-ang‐ Blood pressure increases L/day), Lungs (400mL/day), GI Tract (100-200mL/day)
iotensin Measureable intake sources: Oral fluid, tube feedings, Parenteral
system fluid, Enemas, Retained irrigation fluid
Aldost‐ Blood plasma Na+ maintained, blood plasma K+ Measureable output sources: Urine, Emesis, Feces, Drainage from
erone decreases. Blood volume and blood pressure body cavities
maintained (by decreasing urine output)
Not measureable intake sources: Solid foods, metabolism
Atrial Promotes natriuresis, elevated urinary excretion of
Not measurable output sources: Sweating, vaporisation through
natriuretic Na+ (and Cl-), accompanied by water. Increases loss
lungs
peptide of water in urine
(ANP)
Regulation of fluid balance
Water
Water
Primary fluid in the body
Most physiological processes require water
Water delivers electrolytes & nutrients, and carried away waste.
Helps regulate body temp. and helps maintain blood volume
Water balance is affected by age, gender, muscle mass (more
muscle = more water, more fat = less water)
60% of an adults body weight is water - there is more water in a child
and less in an eldery person, placing these populations at increased
risk of fluid & electrolyte imbalances
Daily intake requirements is 2000-3000mL (in ideal conditions,
changes in situations such as fever, increased metabolism etc.)
By felixcharlie (felixcharlie) Published 4th March, 2022. Sponsored by Readable.com
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, Electrolyte Homeostasis Part 1 Cheat Sheet
by felixcharlie (felixcharlie) via cheatography.com/142439/cs/30999/
Regulation
Regulationof
ofF&E
F&Emovement
movement
Osmosis Movement of water through a semi-permeable
membrane from an area of low concentration to an area
of high concentration
Diffusion important in the transport of gases; sometimes requires
the assisstance of a transport system (facilitiated
diffusion - used in insulin & glucose); similar to filtration
but more about movement of particles that movement of
fluid (also includes gas transport & electrolytes)
Flitration Differences in water volume, i.e. hydrostatic pressure.
Happens at tissue capillary level from capillaries to
interstitial fluid, i.e. edema; hydrostatic pressure pushes
fluid through the membranes (cell & vessel walls)
Active Molecules have to move against a conc. gradient,
Transport requiring active energy and a transport system - such as
a Na-K pump requiring ATP - which moves 2
substances at the same time in opposite directions,
againt conc. gradients.
Fluid Shifts
If intracellular fluid (ICF) becomes hypertonic relative to extracellular
fluid (ECF), water moves from ICF to ECF via osmosis, causing cell
death
If ECF becomes hypotonic relative to ICF, water moves from ECF
into cells, expanding the cell and potenially causing cell to burst
By felixcharlie (felixcharlie) Published 4th March, 2022. Sponsored by Readable.com
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by felixcharlie (felixcharlie) via cheatography.com/142439/cs/30999/
Overview
Overview
Electrolyte homeostasis is the interplay of electrolyte intake and absorption, electrolyte distribution, electrolyte excretion, and electrolyte lo
through abnormal routes
If electrolyte excretion or loss through abnormal routes increases, electrolyte intake also must increase to prevent electrolyte imbalance
There are many things that may cause an electrolyte imbalance
Hormones
Hormonesinvolved
involvedininmaintaining
maintainingfluid
fluidbalance
balance Water (cont)
Hormone Net effect 1L of water = 1kg weight so daily weighs can be a good indicator of
ADH Blood pressure increases (with fluid intake); blood whether a patient is maintaining good fluid & electrolyte balance
(Antid‐ volume increases (with fluid intake); blood osmolarity Intake sources: Liquids (1500mL/day), Solid foods (800mL/day),
iuretic decreases Metabolism (300mL/day)
hormone) Fluid loss sources: Kidney (1200-1500mL/day), Skin (500-600m‐
Renin-ang‐ Blood pressure increases L/day), Lungs (400mL/day), GI Tract (100-200mL/day)
iotensin Measureable intake sources: Oral fluid, tube feedings, Parenteral
system fluid, Enemas, Retained irrigation fluid
Aldost‐ Blood plasma Na+ maintained, blood plasma K+ Measureable output sources: Urine, Emesis, Feces, Drainage from
erone decreases. Blood volume and blood pressure body cavities
maintained (by decreasing urine output)
Not measureable intake sources: Solid foods, metabolism
Atrial Promotes natriuresis, elevated urinary excretion of
Not measurable output sources: Sweating, vaporisation through
natriuretic Na+ (and Cl-), accompanied by water. Increases loss
lungs
peptide of water in urine
(ANP)
Regulation of fluid balance
Water
Water
Primary fluid in the body
Most physiological processes require water
Water delivers electrolytes & nutrients, and carried away waste.
Helps regulate body temp. and helps maintain blood volume
Water balance is affected by age, gender, muscle mass (more
muscle = more water, more fat = less water)
60% of an adults body weight is water - there is more water in a child
and less in an eldery person, placing these populations at increased
risk of fluid & electrolyte imbalances
Daily intake requirements is 2000-3000mL (in ideal conditions,
changes in situations such as fever, increased metabolism etc.)
By felixcharlie (felixcharlie) Published 4th March, 2022. Sponsored by Readable.com
Readable.com
cheatography.com/felixcharlie/ Last updated 5th March, 2022. Measure your website readability!
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, Electrolyte Homeostasis Part 1 Cheat Sheet
by felixcharlie (felixcharlie) via cheatography.com/142439/cs/30999/
Regulation
Regulationof
ofF&E
F&Emovement
movement
Osmosis Movement of water through a semi-permeable
membrane from an area of low concentration to an area
of high concentration
Diffusion important in the transport of gases; sometimes requires
the assisstance of a transport system (facilitiated
diffusion - used in insulin & glucose); similar to filtration
but more about movement of particles that movement of
fluid (also includes gas transport & electrolytes)
Flitration Differences in water volume, i.e. hydrostatic pressure.
Happens at tissue capillary level from capillaries to
interstitial fluid, i.e. edema; hydrostatic pressure pushes
fluid through the membranes (cell & vessel walls)
Active Molecules have to move against a conc. gradient,
Transport requiring active energy and a transport system - such as
a Na-K pump requiring ATP - which moves 2
substances at the same time in opposite directions,
againt conc. gradients.
Fluid Shifts
If intracellular fluid (ICF) becomes hypertonic relative to extracellular
fluid (ECF), water moves from ICF to ECF via osmosis, causing cell
death
If ECF becomes hypotonic relative to ICF, water moves from ECF
into cells, expanding the cell and potenially causing cell to burst
By felixcharlie (felixcharlie) Published 4th March, 2022. Sponsored by Readable.com
Readable.com
cheatography.com/felixcharlie/ Last updated 5th March, 2022. Measure your website readability!
Page 3 of 2. https://readable.com
