"Business Data Communications" Chapter
3
big data - ANS-everything that enables an organization to create, manipulate, and manage very
large data sets (measured in terabytes, petabytes, exabytes, etc.) and the facilities in which
these are stored.
data center - ANS-a facility that houses computer systems and their associated components
including storage and telecommunications systems.
centralized data processing - ANS-an architecture in which data processing is done on one or a
cluster of computers, generally powerful and/or physically large computers, located in a central
data processing facility.
A fully centralized data processing facility may include: - ANS-1. centralized computers: One or
more computers are located in a central facility.
2. centralized processing: Payroll and applications that support the specialized needs of users in
a particular business unit are central or organization-wide in nature.
3. centralized data: Most data are stored in files and databases at the central facility, including
data used by many business units in the organization (like inventory figures) and data used only
by particular business units. For example, the marketing unit may maintain a database located
at the data center that is populated with results of customer surveys.
4. centralized control: The data center manager may report to to a chief security officer or chief
technology officer who has broader authority in matters related to corporate acquisition, use,
and protection of information.
5. centralized support staff: A centralized data processing facility must include a technical
support staff to operate and maintain the data center hardware.
distributed data processing - ANS-a data processing facility whose implementation may cause
for a data processing facility to depart in varying degrees from the centralized data processing
organization.
potential benefits of distributed data processing - ANS-1. responsiveness.
2. availability.
3. correspondence to organizational structure.
, 4. resource sharing.
5. incremental growth.
6. increased user involvement and control.
7. decentralized operation and centralized control.
8. end-user productivity
9. distance and location independence
10. privacy and security
11. vendor independence
12. flexibility
13. more challenging failure diagnosis
14. more dependence on communications technology
15. incompatibility among equipment
16. incompatibility among data
17. network management and control
18. difficulty in control of corporate information resources
19. suboptimization
20. duplication of effort
21. data integrity
22. security
major characteristics of data center tiers: - ANS-Tier 1: no redundancy guarantees for servers,
storage systems, network equipment, and communication connections to Internet or other
networks.
Tier 2: Meets or exceeds all Tier 1 requirements.
3
big data - ANS-everything that enables an organization to create, manipulate, and manage very
large data sets (measured in terabytes, petabytes, exabytes, etc.) and the facilities in which
these are stored.
data center - ANS-a facility that houses computer systems and their associated components
including storage and telecommunications systems.
centralized data processing - ANS-an architecture in which data processing is done on one or a
cluster of computers, generally powerful and/or physically large computers, located in a central
data processing facility.
A fully centralized data processing facility may include: - ANS-1. centralized computers: One or
more computers are located in a central facility.
2. centralized processing: Payroll and applications that support the specialized needs of users in
a particular business unit are central or organization-wide in nature.
3. centralized data: Most data are stored in files and databases at the central facility, including
data used by many business units in the organization (like inventory figures) and data used only
by particular business units. For example, the marketing unit may maintain a database located
at the data center that is populated with results of customer surveys.
4. centralized control: The data center manager may report to to a chief security officer or chief
technology officer who has broader authority in matters related to corporate acquisition, use,
and protection of information.
5. centralized support staff: A centralized data processing facility must include a technical
support staff to operate and maintain the data center hardware.
distributed data processing - ANS-a data processing facility whose implementation may cause
for a data processing facility to depart in varying degrees from the centralized data processing
organization.
potential benefits of distributed data processing - ANS-1. responsiveness.
2. availability.
3. correspondence to organizational structure.
, 4. resource sharing.
5. incremental growth.
6. increased user involvement and control.
7. decentralized operation and centralized control.
8. end-user productivity
9. distance and location independence
10. privacy and security
11. vendor independence
12. flexibility
13. more challenging failure diagnosis
14. more dependence on communications technology
15. incompatibility among equipment
16. incompatibility among data
17. network management and control
18. difficulty in control of corporate information resources
19. suboptimization
20. duplication of effort
21. data integrity
22. security
major characteristics of data center tiers: - ANS-Tier 1: no redundancy guarantees for servers,
storage systems, network equipment, and communication connections to Internet or other
networks.
Tier 2: Meets or exceeds all Tier 1 requirements.
