SICKLE CELL ANEMIA - ATI: NURSING CARE OF CHILDREN EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED

SICKLE CELL ANEMIA - ATI: NURSING CARE OF CHILDREN EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED Terms in this set (27) Sickle Cell Disease a group of diseases (autosomal recessive genetic disorder) in which abnormal sickle hemoglobin S (HbS) replaces normal adult hemoglobin (Hgb A). Sickle Cell Anemia the homozygous and most common form of SCD. Increased destruction of RBCs occurs. manifestations of SCA (resultl of RBC sickling) increased blood viscosity, obstruction of blood flow, and tissue hypoxia (causes tissue ischemia, resulting in pain) when manifestations begin to appear later in infancy (due to presence of fetal hemoglobin) Sickle Cell Crisis exacerbation of SCA Sickle Cell Anemia Risk Factors primarily affects African-Americans; other forms of SCD can affect individuals of Mediterranean, Indian, or Middle Eastern descent expected findings family history of SCA or Sickle Cell Trait, reports of pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, pallor, pale mucous membranes, jaundice, hands & feet cool to touch, dizziness, headache duration of Vaso-Occlusive Crisis (painful episode) usually 4-6 days acute Vaso-Occlusive Crisis ● Severe pain, usually in bones, joints, and abdomen ● Swollen joints, hands, and feet ● Abdominal pain ● Hematuria ● Obstructive jaundice ● Visual disturbances chronic Vaso-Occlusive Crisis ● Increased risk of respiratory infections and osteomyelitis ● Retinal detachment and blindness ● Systolic murmurs ● Renal failure and enuresis ● Liver cirrhosis; hepatomegaly ● Seizures ● Skeletal deformities; shoulder or hip avascular necrosis