Pharmacology NMP Solved
Questions And Answers 2025
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Pharmacokinetics - Answer - What the body does to the drug. It involves ADME
Pharmacodynamics - Answer - What the drugs do to the body
Receptor - Answer - A protein molecule in a cell membrane
First Pass Metabolism - Answer - drugs absorbed during pass through portal system at liver. this
significantly reduces bioavailability and the amount of active drug that reaches the general circulation
Enterohepatic Recirculation - Answer - When drugs and metabolites excreted from the liver get
reabsorbed into general circulation from the digestive tract and re-presented to the liver for further
metabolism. e.g. oral contraceptive
Bioavailability - Answer - The amount of an active drug which reaches the systemic circulation
Salbutamol - Answer - A b2 adrenoreceptor agonist
Partial Agonist - Answer - drugs that bind to their targets and activate them to produce a response which
is less than we would expect from a full agonist - they have partial efficacy
Inverse Agonists - Answer - Drugs that bind to their targets and can reduce normal activity of that
chemical target - they have negative efficacy
Competitive Antagonist - Answer - drugs that bind to chemical targets and prevent activation by the
normal target agent
, Non-Competitive Antagonist - Answer - drugs that do not necessarily bind to the chemical target but
interferes with a chain of events to block target activation e.g. ca2+ channel blockade
first pass effect - Answer - The elimination of drug that occurs before it reaches the systemic circulation
ion channel - Answer - a membrane protein that provides a passage way across the cell membrane
through which the ion can diffuse
enzyme - Answer - A biological catalyst
adverse drug reaction - Answer - Response to drug that is noxious and unintended and which occurs at
dose normally uses or tested for treatment/prophylaxsis
side effect - Answer - reactions to medicine other than the one intended
active glomerular filtration - Answer - the main method of renal elimination - where ionised drugs are
actively secreted into the proximal tubule
2 - Answer - number of hepatic metabolism phases
albumin - Answer - a plasma protein
ADME - Answer - Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination, the 4 processes of pharmacokinetics
Enteral routes - Answer - Oral, Rectal, Sub lingual, buccal
Parenteral Routes - Answer - Refer to administration that does not involve the GI tract: Injected, inhaled,
transdermal (through the skin), insufflation (absorbed through mucous membranes; snorting)
agonist - Answer - a drug that binds to a receptor and stimulates a response
Questions And Answers 2025
Save
Pharmacokinetics - Answer - What the body does to the drug. It involves ADME
Pharmacodynamics - Answer - What the drugs do to the body
Receptor - Answer - A protein molecule in a cell membrane
First Pass Metabolism - Answer - drugs absorbed during pass through portal system at liver. this
significantly reduces bioavailability and the amount of active drug that reaches the general circulation
Enterohepatic Recirculation - Answer - When drugs and metabolites excreted from the liver get
reabsorbed into general circulation from the digestive tract and re-presented to the liver for further
metabolism. e.g. oral contraceptive
Bioavailability - Answer - The amount of an active drug which reaches the systemic circulation
Salbutamol - Answer - A b2 adrenoreceptor agonist
Partial Agonist - Answer - drugs that bind to their targets and activate them to produce a response which
is less than we would expect from a full agonist - they have partial efficacy
Inverse Agonists - Answer - Drugs that bind to their targets and can reduce normal activity of that
chemical target - they have negative efficacy
Competitive Antagonist - Answer - drugs that bind to chemical targets and prevent activation by the
normal target agent
, Non-Competitive Antagonist - Answer - drugs that do not necessarily bind to the chemical target but
interferes with a chain of events to block target activation e.g. ca2+ channel blockade
first pass effect - Answer - The elimination of drug that occurs before it reaches the systemic circulation
ion channel - Answer - a membrane protein that provides a passage way across the cell membrane
through which the ion can diffuse
enzyme - Answer - A biological catalyst
adverse drug reaction - Answer - Response to drug that is noxious and unintended and which occurs at
dose normally uses or tested for treatment/prophylaxsis
side effect - Answer - reactions to medicine other than the one intended
active glomerular filtration - Answer - the main method of renal elimination - where ionised drugs are
actively secreted into the proximal tubule
2 - Answer - number of hepatic metabolism phases
albumin - Answer - a plasma protein
ADME - Answer - Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination, the 4 processes of pharmacokinetics
Enteral routes - Answer - Oral, Rectal, Sub lingual, buccal
Parenteral Routes - Answer - Refer to administration that does not involve the GI tract: Injected, inhaled,
transdermal (through the skin), insufflation (absorbed through mucous membranes; snorting)
agonist - Answer - a drug that binds to a receptor and stimulates a response
