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What is Management? - ✔✔The planning, organizing, leading, and controlling of
human and other resources to achieve organizational goals effectively and efficiently
4 Principle Functions of Management - ✔✔Planning, Organizing, Controlling, Leading
Levels of Management - ✔✔top managers, middle managers, first-line managers, team
leaders, non managerial employees
Board of Directors - ✔✔A group of people elected by the stockholders of a corporation
to set the policies for the corporation.
Hawthorne effect - ✔✔employees worked harder if they received added attention,
thought that managers cared about their welfare and that supervisors paid special
attention to them
Contingency Theories of Management - ✔✔The contingency viewpoint began to
develop when managers discovered that under some circumstances better results could
be achieved by breaking the one-best-way rule.
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, External Stakeholders - ✔✔people or groups in the organization's external environment
that are affected by it
Ethical Dilemma - ✔✔a situation in which you have to decide whether to pursue a
course of action that may benefit you or your organization but that is unethical or even
illegal
Licensing - ✔✔a company allows a foreign company to pay it a fee to make or distribute
the first company's product or service
Ethnocentric - ✔✔believe that their native country, culture, language, and behavior are
superior to all others
Geocentric - ✔✔accept that there are differences and similarities between home and
foreign personnel and practices and that they should use whatever techniques are most
effective
Polycentric - ✔✔take the view that native managers in the foreign offices best
understand native personnel and practices, and so the home office should leave them
alone
Joint Venture - ✔✔also known as a strategic alliance, with a foreign company to share
the risks and rewards of starting a new enterprise together in a foreign country
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