Lead Safety Exam Q&A: Essential Study Guide for 2025

Lead Safety Exam Q&A: Essential Study Guide for 2025 What are sources of lead contamination for yards and playgrounds? - ANS Roof flashing, leaded gas contamination, industrial emissions & paint dust from homes What is lead-based paint under the Consumer Product Safety Commission? - ANS 0.06% by weight When did CPSC ban lead-based paint? - ANS 1978 What is lead based paint according to the EPA and HUD - ANS 1.0 mg/cm2 What level of lead triggers in OSHA regulations in construction? - ANS any detectable amount How can lead enter the body? - ANS Eating & Breathing What organs may be damaged by lead in the body? - ANS Brain, Central nervous system, kidneys, blood forming system, reproductive system & heart What are symptoms of lead poisoning - ANS Stomach aches, constipation or diarrhea, irritability, fatigue & weakness, muscle aches, lack of sex drive, tremors & also headaches How long does lead typically remain in the blood - ANS 30 days How long does lead typically remain in soft tissue - ANS 30 days How long does lead typically remain in the bones - ANS 30 years What is meant by lead body burden? - ANS the amount of lead in your blood, soft tissue and bones at any one time What is meant by chronic lead poisoning? - ANS low dose over a long period What is meant by acute lead poisoning - ANS high dose in a short time What blood-lead level in children is regulated? - ANS 10 ug/dl Why do we focus on children under 6 years of age? - ANS hand to mouth behavior, high absorption rate & lead interferes with proper development What medical procedure is used to remove lead from the body? - ANS Chelation What is Title X - ANS Childhood lead poisoning prevention law What law requires contractors and workers to be trained - ANS Toxic Substance Control Act (T.S.C.A) What federal government agency enforces TSCA - ANS EPA What federal agency enforces work safety? - ANS OSHA What does OSHA require whenever work disturbs lead? - ANS Personal Air Monitoring What Ohio agency requires training? - ANS Ohio department of Health What disciplines must be trained under EPA and ODH - ANS Inspector, risk assessor, worker, contractor/supervisor, designer When must we notify ODH before a lead abatement project? - ANS 10 days by mail 3 days by email How long must the contractor keep project records? - ANS 3 years What is the maximum first time fine for violation of ODH regulations? - ANS $1000 per day What federal agency regulates lead in construction? - ANS OSHA What amount of lead is regulated by OSHA? - ANS any exposable amount What is the first thing OSHA will request when visiting a job site where lead work is performed? - ANS to see exposure monitoring What is exposure monitoring? - ANS air monitoring to determine whether workers are above the action level or pel for lead What is OSHA's action level? - ANS 30 ug/m3 What is OSHA's PEL for lead? - ANS 50 ug/m3 What does PEL mean? - ANS Permissible exposure limit What equipment and supplies are needed to conduct personal monitoring? - ANS Personal sample pump, rotameter, 37mm sample cassette Where do we place the sample cassette? - ANS Workers breathing zone What flow rate is acceptable for personal monitoring - ANS 1 to 4 liters What is a negative exposure assessment? - ANS Air sampling results below the PEL If exposure monitoring indicates that exposures are below the action level for a job, how long may we rely on the monitoring for similar jobs? - ANS 1 year If exposure monitoring indicates that exposures are above the action level but below the PEL for a job, how long may we rely on the monitoring for similar jobs? - ANS 6 months If exposure monitoring indicates that exposures are above the PEL for a job, how long may we rely on the monitoring for similar jobs? - ANS 3 months If exposures are below the action level, the employer must nevertheless perform two additional things to protect workers. What? - ANS Provide a hand washing facility & keep the area free of dust & debris When must employers provide its workers information about their monitoring results? - ANS 5 days after receipts of results from the lab If exposures are above the action level for any one day in a calendar year, what must the employer provide its workers? - ANS Blood test (Biological monitoring) What are the blood testing for? - ANS Lead & Zpp If exposures are above the action level for more than 30 days in a calendar year, what must the employer provide its workers? - ANS Medical surveillance, blood test every 2 months for the first 6 months and every 6 months thereafter. If an employee's blood lead level exceeds 40 ug/dl, what additional monitoring must be provided to the employee? - ANS back to back testing every 2 months If an employee's blood level exceeds 50 ug/dl, what additional protection must be provided by the employee? - ANS medical removal protection If exposures are above the PEL, what must the employer do first? - ANS stop work and re-evaluate work practices to reduce exposures If the employer cannot reduce exposures below the PEL then what must the employer provide? - ANS respiratory protection, full body clothing, shower & clean lunch and break area. What must the employer provide if exposures exceeds 200 ug/m3 - ANS Clean clothing every day What must an employer provide a worker before the worker is required to wear a respirator? - ANS Medical evaluation What is a critical part of the medical evaluation for use of a respiratpor - ANS Pulmonary function test What is a fit (seal) check and how often is this done? - ANS negative & positive fit check every time you put it on What is a fit test and how often is this done? - ANS Test to determine if the respirator leaks every year (once a year) What is included in training in the use of a respirator? - ANS how to clean it, how to inspect it, how to store it & how to perform fit check What is the protection factor of a half-face APR? - ANS 10 What is the protection factor a full-face APR? - ANS 50 How do we calculate the maximum use level of a respirator - ANS Protection actor multiplied by PEL (Protection factor X PEL) What is the maximum use level of a half face APR? - ANS 500 ug/m3 What is the maximum use of a full-face APR - ANS 2500 ug/m3 What respirator filter is required for work with lead? - ANS Hepa What do we do as we remove full-body protective clothing? - ANS Turn clothing inside out When decontaminating ourselves, what is the last thing we remove? - ANS Respirator What is Title X - ANS Childhood lead poisoning reduction act What did title X require First? - ANS Identification of lead based paint hazards What did title X require second - ANS Control of lead based paint hazards identified What is a lead-based paint inspection? - ANS Surface by surface inspection to identify lead based paint & a report What is a lead risk assessment? - ANS Identification of lead based hazards & a report What are the two methods to control lead hazards? - ANS Abatement & Interim control Define abatement - ANS Permanently eliminate lead-based paint hazards Define interim control? - ANS Temporary control of lead-based paint hazards What are the four abatement methods? - ANS Removal, replacement, enclosure & Encapsulation Name four methods of interim control - ANS Education of occupants, paint stabilization, specialized cleaning, mulching of soul What does removal mean? - ANS Stripping the paint Name four methods of removal - ANS Wet scraping, wet sanding, chemical stripping & use a heat gun Name four methods of removal that are prohibited - ANS dry sanding/ scrapping, open flame torching, heat guns over 1100F using methylene chloride What does replacement mean? - ANS removing and replacing building components. Name four components commonly replaced - ANS windows, doors, rotten stairs, fascia boards What is the best thing to do with a contaminated carpet? - ANS remove & replace What does encapsulation mean? - ANS an elastic sealant approved by ODH What should not be encapsulated - ANS Friction & impact surfaces What does enclosure mean? - ANS mechanically fastened leak-tight barrier Name five components commonly enclosed - ANS Walls, stairs, floors, window casings & exterior siding Why is paining with latex paint not a form of abatment? - ANS it does not seal and will not last 20 years Name two examples of soul abatment - ANS Removing & replacing soul covering with concrete & asphalt Name one example of soil interim control - ANS Mulching What additional controls have to be considered when removing contaminated soil? - ANS Controlling wind & rain erosion What is a problem when using heavy equipment to remove soil? - ANS Decontamination of equipment Where are warning signs placed when setting up a work area? - ANS At the entrance of the work area What is the best way to protect occupants and their belongings? - ANS Relocate them If we cannot move occupants, what must we provide if we work while they are present? - ANS A way in and out, access and egress, access to bathroom, access to kitchen, blockage to the work area What can we do with belongings that are present in the area where we will work? - ANS Move them outside work area & cover them in plastic sheeting What is a critical barrier? - ANS 6 mil polyethylene sheeting put over openings in the the work area. Doors, windows and vents When do we need to create a poly flap door way? - ANS When we need to exit our work area into a clean space What do we do with HVAC vents in the work area? - ANS Cover them with critical barriers When must we stop work being performed outside? - ANS When wind exceeds 20 mph