TESOL NEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (A+)
Behaviorist Model - ANSWER BF Skinner - individuals learn language as a direct
response to stimuli.
Considered to be overly simplistic
Nativist Model - ANSWER Noam Chomsky - individuals are born with a universal wired
into their brains
Zone of Proximal Development - ANSWER Vygotsky - the difference between what a
person knows and what he could know if given assistance from someone else --
scaffolding, modeling, cues, encouragement.
Socio-cultural theory of language learning
BICS - ANSWER Jim Cummins - Basic Interpersonal Communicative Skills - basic
expressions and linguistic formations that an individual would need to conduct himself
in normal situations
CALP - ANSWER Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency - ability to read, write,
listen, speak on grade level - takes 5 to 7 years - ability to participate in formal and
grammatically correct discourse
CUP - Common Underlying Proficiency - incorporation of ideas and skills learned in their
first language
Learning types - ANSWER Verbal/lingustic
Logical/mathematical
kinesthetic
Visual/spatial
, Musical
Interpersonal
Intrapersonal
naturalistic
Language variation - ANSWER Languages are constantly changing to meet the needs of
its speakers.
Dialect - ANSWER a form of a language which is used by a specific group of individuals --
quarky vocabulary
Register - ANSWER the form of a language that is appropriate to a given situation -
classroom form v. informal form.
Comprehensive language instruction should incorporate opportunities for both formal
and informal commuication
Slang - ANSWER any non-standard form of language -- known for being ephemeral
does not last long)
Phonics - ANSWER method for teaching reading and writing of the English language by
developing learners' phonemic awareness
Development of Phonics Knowledge - ANSWER 1) Logographic phase - sight words -
teachers will label classroom
2) Analytic Phase - students pay closer attention to the components of words - rhyming
words, teachers will create word families
3) Orthographic Phase - students have acquired almost all the tools required to sound
out familiar and unfamiliar words - this coincides with the development of large sight
vocabulary
Developmental Spelling - ANSWER 1) Pre-phonetic to phonetic
Behaviorist Model - ANSWER BF Skinner - individuals learn language as a direct
response to stimuli.
Considered to be overly simplistic
Nativist Model - ANSWER Noam Chomsky - individuals are born with a universal wired
into their brains
Zone of Proximal Development - ANSWER Vygotsky - the difference between what a
person knows and what he could know if given assistance from someone else --
scaffolding, modeling, cues, encouragement.
Socio-cultural theory of language learning
BICS - ANSWER Jim Cummins - Basic Interpersonal Communicative Skills - basic
expressions and linguistic formations that an individual would need to conduct himself
in normal situations
CALP - ANSWER Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency - ability to read, write,
listen, speak on grade level - takes 5 to 7 years - ability to participate in formal and
grammatically correct discourse
CUP - Common Underlying Proficiency - incorporation of ideas and skills learned in their
first language
Learning types - ANSWER Verbal/lingustic
Logical/mathematical
kinesthetic
Visual/spatial
, Musical
Interpersonal
Intrapersonal
naturalistic
Language variation - ANSWER Languages are constantly changing to meet the needs of
its speakers.
Dialect - ANSWER a form of a language which is used by a specific group of individuals --
quarky vocabulary
Register - ANSWER the form of a language that is appropriate to a given situation -
classroom form v. informal form.
Comprehensive language instruction should incorporate opportunities for both formal
and informal commuication
Slang - ANSWER any non-standard form of language -- known for being ephemeral
does not last long)
Phonics - ANSWER method for teaching reading and writing of the English language by
developing learners' phonemic awareness
Development of Phonics Knowledge - ANSWER 1) Logographic phase - sight words -
teachers will label classroom
2) Analytic Phase - students pay closer attention to the components of words - rhyming
words, teachers will create word families
3) Orthographic Phase - students have acquired almost all the tools required to sound
out familiar and unfamiliar words - this coincides with the development of large sight
vocabulary
Developmental Spelling - ANSWER 1) Pre-phonetic to phonetic
