Chapter 9: Understanding Prejudice - Causes,
Effects, and Solutions
forms of prejudice - correct answer ✔✔religion, obesity, age, immigrants, politics
prejudice - correct answer ✔✔a preconceived negative judgement of a group and its individual members
- an aversive or hostile attitude toward a person who belongs to a group simply because they belong to
that group, and is the formed presumed to have the objectionable qualities ascribed to the group
-
- prejudiced people may DISLIKE those different from themselves and BEHAVE toward them in a
discriminatory manner, BELIEVING it
stereotypes - correct answer ✔✔beliefs about the personal attributes of a group of people, often
overgeneralized, inaccurate, and resistant to new information (sometimes accurate)
discrimination - correct answer ✔✔unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members
discrimination vs prejudice - correct answer ✔✔prejudice is a negative attitude, discrimination is
negative behavior
prejudice: implicit and explicit - correct answer ✔✔prejudice illustrates our dual attitude system
-we can have different explicit (conscious) and implicit (automatic) attitudes toward the same target
-- even when explicit attitudes change dramatically with education implicit attitudes may linger
- prejudice and stereotypic evaluations can occur outside people's awareness
is racial prejudice disappearing? - correct answer ✔✔In the United States, this perception differs
markedly depending on whether one is White or Black
, subtle racial prejudice examples - correct answer ✔✔- employment discrimination
- favoritism with airbnb, uber, lyft
- traffic sops
- patronization- overpraising accomplishments, overcritcizing mistakes, bending over backward to seem
unprejudiced
Automatic (implicit) prejudice - correct answer ✔✔- in some situations, it can have a life or death
consequence
- brain activity in the amygdala, a region that underlies emotion
gender stereotypes - correct answer ✔✔widely held beliefs about characteristics deemed appropriate
for males and females
- strong gender stereotypes exist
- members of the stereotypes group often accept the stereotypes
sexism can take both benevolent and hostile forms
- benevolent sexism may still impede gender equity
changing gender attitudes from 1958-2020 figure 1 - correct answer ✔✔the response has changed
dramatically to the question would you vote for a well-qualitfied woman canditate whom your party
nominated?
figure 2: sex-ratio at birth, 2017 - correct answer ✔✔countries who are not allowed to have many
children often had to have abortions when it was a girl
LGBT prejudice - correct answer ✔✔Most of the world's gay and lesbian people cannot comfortably
disclose who they are and whom they love....
—State policies predict gay people's health and well-being
—Community attitudes also predict LGBT health
—Two quasi-experiments confirm the toxicity of gay stigma and the benefits of its removal
anti-gay prejudice in western countries endures through - correct answer ✔✔- job discrimination
Effects, and Solutions
forms of prejudice - correct answer ✔✔religion, obesity, age, immigrants, politics
prejudice - correct answer ✔✔a preconceived negative judgement of a group and its individual members
- an aversive or hostile attitude toward a person who belongs to a group simply because they belong to
that group, and is the formed presumed to have the objectionable qualities ascribed to the group
-
- prejudiced people may DISLIKE those different from themselves and BEHAVE toward them in a
discriminatory manner, BELIEVING it
stereotypes - correct answer ✔✔beliefs about the personal attributes of a group of people, often
overgeneralized, inaccurate, and resistant to new information (sometimes accurate)
discrimination - correct answer ✔✔unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members
discrimination vs prejudice - correct answer ✔✔prejudice is a negative attitude, discrimination is
negative behavior
prejudice: implicit and explicit - correct answer ✔✔prejudice illustrates our dual attitude system
-we can have different explicit (conscious) and implicit (automatic) attitudes toward the same target
-- even when explicit attitudes change dramatically with education implicit attitudes may linger
- prejudice and stereotypic evaluations can occur outside people's awareness
is racial prejudice disappearing? - correct answer ✔✔In the United States, this perception differs
markedly depending on whether one is White or Black
, subtle racial prejudice examples - correct answer ✔✔- employment discrimination
- favoritism with airbnb, uber, lyft
- traffic sops
- patronization- overpraising accomplishments, overcritcizing mistakes, bending over backward to seem
unprejudiced
Automatic (implicit) prejudice - correct answer ✔✔- in some situations, it can have a life or death
consequence
- brain activity in the amygdala, a region that underlies emotion
gender stereotypes - correct answer ✔✔widely held beliefs about characteristics deemed appropriate
for males and females
- strong gender stereotypes exist
- members of the stereotypes group often accept the stereotypes
sexism can take both benevolent and hostile forms
- benevolent sexism may still impede gender equity
changing gender attitudes from 1958-2020 figure 1 - correct answer ✔✔the response has changed
dramatically to the question would you vote for a well-qualitfied woman canditate whom your party
nominated?
figure 2: sex-ratio at birth, 2017 - correct answer ✔✔countries who are not allowed to have many
children often had to have abortions when it was a girl
LGBT prejudice - correct answer ✔✔Most of the world's gay and lesbian people cannot comfortably
disclose who they are and whom they love....
—State policies predict gay people's health and well-being
—Community attitudes also predict LGBT health
—Two quasi-experiments confirm the toxicity of gay stigma and the benefits of its removal
anti-gay prejudice in western countries endures through - correct answer ✔✔- job discrimination
