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Espacios vectoriales

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Ejercicios resueltos de Álgebra lineal I

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TEMA 1: ESPACIOS VECTORIALES ASOCIADOS
A UNA MATRIZ


1. Sea B ∈ Mp×m (K) y A ∈ Mn×m (K). Se pide:
a) Prueba que Fil(BA)⊂ Fil(A)
b) Proporciona matrices B, A tq Fil(BA) ̸= Fil(A).
c) Si p = m y B es invertible, prueba que Fil(BA) = Fil(A).
d) Deduce que el Rg(BA) ≤Rg(A) y que Rg(BA) =Rg(A) ⇐⇒ B es invertible.
2. SeaA ∈ Mm×n (K) y sea F subespacio vectorial de M1×n (K). Prueba que:
F il(A) ⊆ F ⇐⇒ Toda fila de A esta contenida en F
3. Determina si b ∈ Col(A) en los siguientes casos:
   
2 0 −6 −4 −2 −8
 0 1 2 2 1 
 y b= 3 
 
a) A =  3 6 −2  −4 
1 3 
3 7 0 3 4 1
   
0 3 −6 6 4 −5
b) A =  3 −7 8 −5 8  y b =  9 
3 −9 12 −9 6 −15
   
1 1 −1 2 b1
 2 3 −1 6 
 y b =  b2 . Se pide:
 
4. Sean las matrices reales A =   1 2 0 4   b3 
−1 2 4 4 b4
a) ¿Para qué valores de b es el sistema Ax = b compatible?
b) ¿Puede ser compatible determinado?
c) Prueba que F = {b ∈ M4×1 (R) | Ax = b es sistema compatible} es un subespacio
vectorial de M4×1 (R) y obtén una base.
d) Para cada b ∈ F , obtén el conjunto de soluciones S del sistema Ax = b.
e) ¿Es S un subespacio vectorial de M4×1 (R)?
5. Sea A = u · v T con u ∈ Mm×1 (K\{0m }) y v ∈ Mn×1 (K\{0n })
a) Prueba que Col(A)=Env({u}) y que Fil(A) = Env({v T }).
b) Obtén la dim(N ul(A)).
 
1 1 −1 2
 2 3 −1 6 
6. Obtén una base de Fil(A), Col(A) y Nul(A), siendo A = 
 1

2 0 4 
−1 2 4 4

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