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Exam (elaborations)

CHAPTER 38 ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATIC DISORDERS QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS.

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CHAPTER 38 ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATIC DISORDERS QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS.

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CHAPTER 38 ASSESSMENT AND
MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH
RHEUMATIC DISORDERS QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
The ddnurse ddis ddassessing dda ddclient ddwith ddprimary ddSjogren's ddsyndrome. ddWhich
ddinterventions ddwill ddthe ddnurse ddadd ddto ddthis ddclient's ddplan ddof ddcare? ddSelect ddall
ddthat ddapply.
Analgesics ddfor ddpain ddmanagement
Education ddon ddproper ddsleep ddpractices
Use ddof ddartificial ddtears
Increased ddfluid ddintake
Provide dda ddhigh ddfiber dddiet dd- ddAnswer ddAnalgesics ddfor ddpain ddmanagement
Education ddon ddproper ddsleep ddpractices
Use ddof ddartificial ddtears
Increased ddfluid ddintake

Primary ddSjögren's ddsyndrome ddis dda ddrare ddsystemic ddautoimmune dddisease ddthat
ddpredominantly ddaffects ddmiddle-aged ddwomen. ddThe ddmost ddcommon ddsymptoms
ddinclude ddpain, ddfatigue, ddkerotoconjunctivitis ddsicca ddor dddry ddeyes, ddand
ddxerostomia ddor dddry ddmouth. ddConstipation ddis ddnot ddcommonly ddidentified ddas dda
ddsymptom ddof ddprimary ddSjogren's ddsyndrome.


A ddclient ddis ddprescribed dda dddisease-modifying ddantirheumatic dddrug ddthat ddis
ddsuccessful ddin ddthe ddtreatment ddof ddrheumatoid ddarthritis ddbut ddhas ddside ddeffects,
ddincluding ddretinal ddeye ddchanges. ddWhat ddmedication ddwill ddthe ddnurse ddanticipate
ddeducating ddthe ddclient ddabout?
azathioprine
diclofenac
hydroxychloroquine
cyclophosphamide dd- ddAnswer ddhydroxychloroquine
ddExplanation:
The ddDMARD ddhydroxychloroquine ddis ddassociated ddwith ddvisual ddchanges, ddGI
ddupset, ddskin ddrash, ddheadaches, ddphotosensitivity, ddand ddbleaching ddof ddhair. ddThe
ddnurse ddshould ddemphasize ddthe ddneed ddfor ddophthalmologic ddexaminations ddevery
dd6-12 ddmonths. ddAzathioprine, dddiclofenac, ddand ddcyclophosphamide dddo ddnot ddhave
ddvisual ddchanges ddas dda ddside ddeffect.

,Reference:
Hinkle, ddJ.L., dd& ddCheever, ddK.H., ddBrunner dd& ddSuddarth's ddTextbook ddof ddMedical-
Surgical ddNursing, dd14th dded., ddPhiladelphia, ddWolters ddKluwer, dd2018, ddChapter
dd38: ddAssessment ddand ddManagement ddof ddPatients ddWith ddRheumatic ddDisorders,
ddTable dd38-3, ddp. dd1088.


A ddclient ddwith dda ddhistory ddof ddpeptic ddulcer dddisease ddis dddiagnosed ddwith
ddrheumatoid ddarthritis. ddWhat ddmedication ddwill ddthe ddnurse ddanticipate ddwill ddbe
ddprescribed ddto ddproduce ddan ddanti-inflammatory ddeffect ddand ddprotect ddthe
ddstomach ddlining?
ibuprofen
celecoxib
methotrexate
sulfasalazine dd- ddAnswer ddcelecoxib
ddExplanation:
The ddcyclooxygenase-2 ddinhibitors, ddsuch ddas ddcelecoxib, ddhave ddbeen ddshown ddto
ddinhibit ddinflammatory ddprocesses ddbut dddo ddnot ddinhibit ddthe ddprotective
ddprostaglandin ddsynthesis ddin ddthe ddgastrointestinal dd(GI) ddtract. ddTherefore,
ddpatients ddwho ddare ddat ddincreased ddrisk ddfor ddgastrointestinal ddcomplications,
ddespecially ddGI ddbleeding, ddhave ddbeen ddmanaged ddeffectively ddwith ddcelecoxib.
ddIbuprofen, ddmethotrexate, ddand ddsulfasalazine ddmay ddcause ddGI ddirritation.
Reference:
Hinkle, ddJ.L., dd& ddCheever, ddK.H., ddBrunner dd& ddSuddarth's ddTextbook ddof ddMedical-
Surgical ddNursing, dd14th dded., ddPhiladelphia, ddWolters ddKluwer, dd2018, ddChapter
dd38: ddAssessment ddand ddManagement ddof ddPatients ddWith ddRheumatic ddDisorders,
ddTable dd38-3, ddp. dd1088.


A ddclient ddwith ddrheumatoid ddarthritis dd(RA) ddis ddtaking ddmethotrexate. ddWhich
ddassessment ddfindings ddindicate ddto ddthe ddnurse ddthat ddthe ddclient ddis ddexperiencing
ddside ddeffects ddof ddthis ddmedication? ddSelect ddall ddthat ddapply.
Hair ddloss
Skin ddrash
Weight ddgain
Gastric dddistress
Frequent ddinfections dd- ddAnswer ddHair ddloss
Skin ddrash
Gastric dddistress
Frequent ddinfections

Methotrexate ddis ddconsidered ddan ddimmunosuppressive ddagent. ddSide ddeffects ddof
ddthis ddmedication ddinclude ddalopecia dd(hair ddloss), ddskin ddrashes, ddgastrointestinal
ddulcerations, ddand ddincreased ddinfections. ddWeight ddgain ddis ddnot ddidentified ddas dda
ddside ddeffect ddof ddmethotrexate.

,A ddclient ddwith ddrheumatoid ddarthritis ddreports dddisrupted ddsleep ddbecause ddof ddpain
ddand ddstiffness. ddWhich ddrecommendations ddwill ddthe ddnurse ddmake ddto ddhelp ddthe
ddclient ddachieve ddrestful ddsleep? ddSelect ddall ddthat ddapply.
Use ddrelaxation ddexercises.
Establish dda ddset ddtime ddto ddsleep ddevery ddnight.
Avoid ddcaffeine ddbefore ddbedtime.
Create dda ddquiet ddsleep ddenvironment.
Take ddpain ddmedications ddfour ddhours ddbefore ddsleep. dd- ddAnswer ddUse ddrelaxation
ddexercises.
Establish dda ddset ddtime ddto ddsleep ddevery ddnight.
Avoid ddcaffeine ddbefore ddbedtime.
Create dda ddquiet ddsleep ddenvironment.

Clients ddneed ddrestful ddsleep ddso ddthat ddthey ddcan ddcope ddwith ddpain, ddminimize
ddphysical ddfatigue, ddand dddeal ddwith ddthe ddchanges ddrelated ddto ddhaving dda ddchronic
dddisease. ddIn ddclients ddwith ddacute dddisease, ddsleep ddtime ddis ddfrequently ddreduced
ddand ddfragmented ddby ddprolonged ddawakenings. ddRecommendations ddto ddimprove
ddsleep ddinclude ddusing ddrelaxation ddexercises, ddestablishing dda ddset ddtime ddto
ddsleep, ddavoiding ddcaffeine ddbefore ddbedtime, ddand ddcreating dda ddquiet ddsleep
ddenvironment. ddPain ddmedications ddshould ddbe ddtaken ddcloser ddto ddsleep ddtime ddso
ddthat ddthey ddcan ddwork ddeffectively ddfor ddsomeone ddexperiecing ddpain ddand
ddstiffness dddue ddto ddrheumatoid dddisease.


What ddintervention ddis dda ddpriority ddfor dda ddclient dddiagnosed ddwith ddosteoarthritis?
Physical ddtherapy ddand ddexercise
Hydrotherapy
Colchicine
Allopurinol dd- ddAnswer ddPhysical ddtherapy ddand ddexercise
ddExplanation:
Clients ddwith ddosteoarthritis ddneed ddto ddmaintain ddjoint ddmobility. ddTo ddpreserve
ddjoint ddfunction, ddindividuals ddneed ddto ddlearn ddappropriate ddactivities. ddColchicine
ddand ddallopurinol ddare ddused ddfor ddgout, ddnot ddosteoarthritis. ddHydrotherapy ddis ddnot
dda ddpriority ddfor ddcare.
Reference:
Hinkle, ddJ.L., dd& ddCheever, ddK.H., ddBrunner dd& ddSuddarth's ddTextbook ddof ddMedical-
Surgical ddNursing, dd14th dded., ddPhiladelphia, ddWolters ddKluwer, dd2018, ddChapter
dd38: ddAssessment ddand ddManagement ddof ddPatients ddWith ddRheumatic ddDisorders,
ddp. dd1106.


The ddclient ddwith ddan ddinflamed ddknee ddscheduled ddto ddhave ddan ddarthrocentesis
ddasks ddthe ddnurse ddwhat ddthe ddsynovial ddfluid ddwill ddlook ddlike. ddWhat ddis ddthe
ddbest ddresponse ddby ddthe ddnurse?
The ddfluid ddwill ddbe ddclear ddand ddpale.
The ddfluid ddwill ddbe ddmilky, ddcloudy, ddand dddark ddyellow.
The ddamount ddof ddfluid ddwill ddbe ddscant ddin ddvolume.

, The ddfluid ddwill ddbe ddstraw ddcolored. dd- ddAnswer ddThe ddfluid ddwill ddbe ddmilky,
ddcloudy, ddand dddark ddyellow.
ddExplanation:
An ddarthrocentesis ddshows ddabnormal ddsynovial ddfluid ddthat ddis ddcloudy, ddmilky, ddor
dddark ddyellow ddand ddcontains ddnumerous ddinflammatory ddcomponents, ddsuch ddas
ddleukocytes ddand ddcomplement.
Reference:
Hinkle, ddJ.L., dd& ddCheever, ddK.H., ddBrunner dd& ddSuddarth's ddTextbook ddof ddMedical-
Surgical ddNursing, dd14th dded., ddPhiladelphia, ddWolters ddKluwer, dd2018, ddChapter
dd38: ddAssessment ddand ddManagement ddof ddPatients ddWith ddRheumatic ddDisorders,
ddAssessment ddand ddDiagnostic ddFindings, ddp. dd1095.


Which ddof ddthe ddfollowing ddare ddusually ddthe ddfirst ddchoice ddin ddthe ddtreatment ddof
ddrheumatoid ddarthritis dd(RA)?
Nonsteroidal ddanti-inflammatory dddrugs dd(NSAIDs)
Disease-modifying ddantirheumatic dddrugs dd(DMARDs)
Tumor ddnecrosis ddfactor dd(TNF) ddblockers
Glucocorticoids dd- ddAnswer ddDisease-modifying ddantirheumatic dddrugs dd(DMARDs)
ddExplanation:


Once dda dddiagnosis ddof ddRA ddhas ddbeen ddmade, ddtreatment ddshould ddbegin ddwith
ddDMARDs. ddNSAIDs ddare ddused ddfor ddpain ddand ddinflammation ddrelief ddbut ddmust
ddbe ddused ddwith ddcaution ddin ddlong-term ddchronic dddiseases dddue ddto ddthe
ddpossibility ddof ddgastric ddulcers. ddTNF ddblockers ddinterfere ddwith ddthe ddaction ddof
ddtumor ddnecrosis ddfactor dd(TNF). ddOral ddglucocorticoids, ddsuch ddas ddprednisone
ddand ddprednisolone, ddare ddindicated ddfor ddpatients ddwith ddgeneralized ddsymptoms.


Reference:
Hinkle, ddJ.L., dd& ddCheever, ddK.H., ddBrunner dd& ddSuddarth's ddTextbook ddof ddMedical-
Surgical ddNursing, dd14th dded., ddPhiladelphia, ddWolters ddKluwer, dd2018, ddChapter
dd38: ddAssessment ddand ddManagement ddof ddPatients ddWith ddRheumatic ddDisorders,
ddEarly ddRheumatoid ddArthritis, ddp. dd1095.


A ddclient ddwith ddrheumatoid ddarthritis ddtells ddthe ddnurse ddabout ddexperiencing ddmild
ddtinnitus, ddgastric ddintolerance, ddand ddrectal ddbleeding. ddWhat ddmedication dddoes
ddthe ddnurse ddsuspect ddis ddcausing ddthese ddside ddeffects?
aspirin
celecoxib
methotrexate
hydroxychloroquine dd- ddAnswer ddaspirin
ddExplanation:
Salicylates ddlike ddaspirin ddmay ddhave ddside ddeffects ddsuch ddas ddtinnitus, ddgastric
ddintolerance ddand ddbleeding. ddWhile ddcelecoxib, ddmethotrexate, ddand
ddhydroxychloroquine ddhave ddGI ddupset ddeffects, ddthe ddtinnitus ddis ddunique ddto
ddaspirin.
Reference:

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