BIO 1001 YORKU MIDTERM 1 Questions With Complete
Solutions
3 recessive disorders where heterozygote is advantage Correct
Answer Tay-Sachs: heterozygotes may be immune to
tuberculosis
PKU: heterozygous women have less risk of miscarriage during
pregnancy
Cystic fibrosis: heterozygotes are resistant to cholera
acclimation vs adaptation Correct Answer acclimation
-reversible changes in organisms phenotype (morphology,
physiology)
-allows organisms to respond to its environment to improve
performance
-does not pass onto offspring because no alleles have changed
Adaptation
-long term genetic response of population that improves
performance
Adaptation Correct Answer A trait that helps an organism
survive and reproduce
Adaptation Correct Answer a trait that increases that fitness of
an individual in a particular environment
Alternatie Hypothesis Correct Answer o One that states that
there is a statistical significance between the two variables
o The one scientist is trying to prove
o Must be tested independently of the null hypothesis
,Anecdotal evidence Correct Answer o evidence in the form of
stories that people tell about what has happened to them
Are all traits adaptive? Correct Answer No, because evolution
does no lead to perfection
ex. vestigial traits
Aristotle Correct Answer The Great Chain of Being organisms
were ordered in terms complexity
Species are unchanging/fixed types over time (like Plato)
Artificial Selection Correct Answer changes in populations that
occur when humans select certain individuals to produce the
most offspring
Assumption Correct Answer o is something that you assume to
be the case, even without proof
balancing selection Correct Answer natural selection that
maintains two or more phenotypic forms in a population
-heterozygote advantage is one mechanism responsible for this
Believe vs Accept Correct Answer Acceptance might not
believe in it but 'it is what is it', realistic view point
Believe YOU believe something is true even if it is not prove to
be true
Biological Fitness Correct Answer a measure of the ability to
survive and reproduce relative to other members of the
population
, bottleneck effect Correct Answer A change in allele frequency
following a dramatic reduction in the size of a population
ex. disease outbreak, floods, fires etc
CELL THEORY Correct Answer o All living organisms are
composed of one or more cells.
o The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization in
organisms.
o Cells arise from pre-existing cells.
Constant Conditions Correct Answer Keeping factors/variables
the same between experiments
• Ex. temperature
-eliminates alternative explantions for the results
Controls Correct Answer Group that doesn't receive treatment
Importance: used to determine results without treatment and can
be statistically use to see if there is a difference between the
control and treatment/experimental group
- checks for factors other than the one bieing tested that may
change the experimenters results
Correlation Vs. Causation Correct Answer CORRELATION
DOES NOT EQUATION CAUSATION lol
Confusion of correlation and causation.
• E.g. "Global warming, earthquakes, hurricanes, and other
natural disasters are a direct effect of the shrinking numbers of
pirates since the 1800s."
Darwin Correct Answer Proposed the theory of evolution
Solutions
3 recessive disorders where heterozygote is advantage Correct
Answer Tay-Sachs: heterozygotes may be immune to
tuberculosis
PKU: heterozygous women have less risk of miscarriage during
pregnancy
Cystic fibrosis: heterozygotes are resistant to cholera
acclimation vs adaptation Correct Answer acclimation
-reversible changes in organisms phenotype (morphology,
physiology)
-allows organisms to respond to its environment to improve
performance
-does not pass onto offspring because no alleles have changed
Adaptation
-long term genetic response of population that improves
performance
Adaptation Correct Answer A trait that helps an organism
survive and reproduce
Adaptation Correct Answer a trait that increases that fitness of
an individual in a particular environment
Alternatie Hypothesis Correct Answer o One that states that
there is a statistical significance between the two variables
o The one scientist is trying to prove
o Must be tested independently of the null hypothesis
,Anecdotal evidence Correct Answer o evidence in the form of
stories that people tell about what has happened to them
Are all traits adaptive? Correct Answer No, because evolution
does no lead to perfection
ex. vestigial traits
Aristotle Correct Answer The Great Chain of Being organisms
were ordered in terms complexity
Species are unchanging/fixed types over time (like Plato)
Artificial Selection Correct Answer changes in populations that
occur when humans select certain individuals to produce the
most offspring
Assumption Correct Answer o is something that you assume to
be the case, even without proof
balancing selection Correct Answer natural selection that
maintains two or more phenotypic forms in a population
-heterozygote advantage is one mechanism responsible for this
Believe vs Accept Correct Answer Acceptance might not
believe in it but 'it is what is it', realistic view point
Believe YOU believe something is true even if it is not prove to
be true
Biological Fitness Correct Answer a measure of the ability to
survive and reproduce relative to other members of the
population
, bottleneck effect Correct Answer A change in allele frequency
following a dramatic reduction in the size of a population
ex. disease outbreak, floods, fires etc
CELL THEORY Correct Answer o All living organisms are
composed of one or more cells.
o The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization in
organisms.
o Cells arise from pre-existing cells.
Constant Conditions Correct Answer Keeping factors/variables
the same between experiments
• Ex. temperature
-eliminates alternative explantions for the results
Controls Correct Answer Group that doesn't receive treatment
Importance: used to determine results without treatment and can
be statistically use to see if there is a difference between the
control and treatment/experimental group
- checks for factors other than the one bieing tested that may
change the experimenters results
Correlation Vs. Causation Correct Answer CORRELATION
DOES NOT EQUATION CAUSATION lol
Confusion of correlation and causation.
• E.g. "Global warming, earthquakes, hurricanes, and other
natural disasters are a direct effect of the shrinking numbers of
pirates since the 1800s."
Darwin Correct Answer Proposed the theory of evolution
