1
I-HUMAN PATIENTS CASE STUDY :
EVALUATING AND MANAGING
INTEGUMENTRY CONDITION |
VERIFIED BY EXPERTS!!!
Identify three to five (3–5) possible conditions that may be considered in the patient's
differential diagnosis.
Five possible conditions that could be considered:
1. Measles
2. Rubella
3. Upper respiratory infection (URI)
4. Scarlet fever
5. Fifth disease (Erythema infectiosum)
These conditions share some similarities with Roseola, such as fever and rash, which is why
they are often included in the differential diagnosis. Each has its distinguishing features:
1. Measles: Typically presents with high fever, cough, runny nose, red eyes, and a
characteristic rash that starts on the face and spreads downward.
2. Rubella: Often milder than measles, with low-grade fever and a rash that starts on the
face and spreads to the rest of the body. Swollen lymph nodes are common.
3. Upper respiratory infection: This can cause fever and general malaise, but the rash is
not typical. Respiratory symptoms like cough and runny nose are more prominent.
4. Scarlet fever: Presents with high fever, sore throat, and a sandpaper-like rash. The
tongue may have a strawberry-like appearance.
5. Fifth disease: Characterized by a "slapped cheek" appearance and a lacy rash on the
body. Fever may be present but is often mild.
, 2
Consider the patient’s diagnosis. Think about clinical guidelines that might support this
diagnosis.
Clinical grounds may support the patient's diagnosis of Roseola, also known as
Exanthema subitum or Sixth sickness. American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Red Book
provides thorough guidelines for viral illnesses in children, including Roseola (Baker & AAP,
2021).
Roseola usually starts with a high fever lasting 3-5 days and a characteristic rash
when the fever disappears in children aged six months to 3 years. According to AAP criteria,
the disease progresses biphasically. The rash is pink or rose-hued, maculopapular, and starts
on the trunk before spreading to the limbs, neck, and face, supporting this diagnosis. Non-
pruritic rash blanches with pressure.
According to the AAP, roseola is caused by HHV-6 or, less commonly, HHV-7. The
illness is usually self-limiting and seldom causes problems in immunocompetent children,
supporting the diagnosis. Fever management and water are recommended as the primary
treatment.
The AAP emphasizes the need to identify Roseola from other febrile illnesses with
rashes, particularly those that may need specific therapy or have public health implications.
This helps clinicians diagnose Roseola by determining the timing and characteristics of the
fever and rash, which are unique to it.
Develop a treatment plan for the patient that includes health promotion and patient
education strategies for patients with integumentary conditions.
Diagnostic tests:
No specific diagnostic tests are typically required for Roseola, as it is primarily a
clinical diagnosis. However, if there is uncertainty:
o Complete Blood Count (CBC) to rule out other infections
I-HUMAN PATIENTS CASE STUDY :
EVALUATING AND MANAGING
INTEGUMENTRY CONDITION |
VERIFIED BY EXPERTS!!!
Identify three to five (3–5) possible conditions that may be considered in the patient's
differential diagnosis.
Five possible conditions that could be considered:
1. Measles
2. Rubella
3. Upper respiratory infection (URI)
4. Scarlet fever
5. Fifth disease (Erythema infectiosum)
These conditions share some similarities with Roseola, such as fever and rash, which is why
they are often included in the differential diagnosis. Each has its distinguishing features:
1. Measles: Typically presents with high fever, cough, runny nose, red eyes, and a
characteristic rash that starts on the face and spreads downward.
2. Rubella: Often milder than measles, with low-grade fever and a rash that starts on the
face and spreads to the rest of the body. Swollen lymph nodes are common.
3. Upper respiratory infection: This can cause fever and general malaise, but the rash is
not typical. Respiratory symptoms like cough and runny nose are more prominent.
4. Scarlet fever: Presents with high fever, sore throat, and a sandpaper-like rash. The
tongue may have a strawberry-like appearance.
5. Fifth disease: Characterized by a "slapped cheek" appearance and a lacy rash on the
body. Fever may be present but is often mild.
, 2
Consider the patient’s diagnosis. Think about clinical guidelines that might support this
diagnosis.
Clinical grounds may support the patient's diagnosis of Roseola, also known as
Exanthema subitum or Sixth sickness. American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Red Book
provides thorough guidelines for viral illnesses in children, including Roseola (Baker & AAP,
2021).
Roseola usually starts with a high fever lasting 3-5 days and a characteristic rash
when the fever disappears in children aged six months to 3 years. According to AAP criteria,
the disease progresses biphasically. The rash is pink or rose-hued, maculopapular, and starts
on the trunk before spreading to the limbs, neck, and face, supporting this diagnosis. Non-
pruritic rash blanches with pressure.
According to the AAP, roseola is caused by HHV-6 or, less commonly, HHV-7. The
illness is usually self-limiting and seldom causes problems in immunocompetent children,
supporting the diagnosis. Fever management and water are recommended as the primary
treatment.
The AAP emphasizes the need to identify Roseola from other febrile illnesses with
rashes, particularly those that may need specific therapy or have public health implications.
This helps clinicians diagnose Roseola by determining the timing and characteristics of the
fever and rash, which are unique to it.
Develop a treatment plan for the patient that includes health promotion and patient
education strategies for patients with integumentary conditions.
Diagnostic tests:
No specific diagnostic tests are typically required for Roseola, as it is primarily a
clinical diagnosis. However, if there is uncertainty:
o Complete Blood Count (CBC) to rule out other infections
