BTEC Applied Science Unit 1 Biology Exam Questions And Answers 100% Pass

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BTEC Applied Science Unit 1 Biology Exam
Questions And Answers 100% Pass


Describe the function of the nucleolus - answer✔Produces ribosomes and RNA

Describe the function of the cell wall - answer✔Provides rigidity and protection to the cell

Describe the function of the chloroplasts - answer✔Site of photosynthesis as they contain chlorophyll

Describe the function of the plasmodesmata - answer✔A channel through the cell wall the allows
transport of materials from one cell to another

Describe the function of the amyoplasts - answer✔Stores starch and converts starch back into glucose
when the plant needs energy

Describe the function of the vacuole - answer✔Stores water and chemicals for cell use. Also maintains
turgor of cell

Describe the function of the tonoplasts - answer✔Membrane the surrounds the vacuole. Protects the
vacuole, isolates it from harmful substances and controls water flow in and out of the vacuole

Why are gram positive bacteria more susceptible to antibiotics? - answer✔Permeable cell wall whereas
gram negative bacteria has a semi-permeable cell wall

Describe the adaptations found in a palisade cell - answer✔Closely packed together

Chloroplasts

Large vacuole

Explain why the palisade cell has a large amount of chloroplasts - answer✔To absorb lots of light for
photosynthesis

Explain why palisade cells are closely packed together - answer✔To form a continuous layer in the leaf

Explain why palisade cells have a large vacuole - answer✔To maintain turgor (pushes against the cell
wall to maintain rigid shape)

Describe the adaptations of a root hair cell - answer✔Root hair shape

Large vacuole

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Thin cellulose walls

Explain why root hair cells have an elongated section known as the root hair - answer✔Increased
surface area for maximum movement of water into the cell

Explain why root hair cells have a large vacuole - answer✔Contains cell sap with low water potential to
encourage water into the cell

Explain why root hair cells have thin cellulose walls - answer✔Encourage movement of water and
minerals into the cell. Short distance for osmosis and diffusion

Describe the adaptations of a sperm cell - answer✔Lots of mitochondria

Shaped head containing acrosome (with enzymes)

Haploid nucleus

Tail for movement

Explain why a sperm cell has an undulipodium (tail) - answer✔To allow the sperm to move to the egg

Explain why sperm cells contain large numbers of mitochondria - answer✔To produce the large amounts
of energy needed for movement

Explain why sperm cells have a shaped head - answer✔To push through the protective layer of the egg
cell

Explain why sperm cells contain acrosome in the head - answer✔To digest the zona pellucida to allow
entry into the egg cell

Explain why sperm cells have a haploid nucleus - answer✔Contains half the genetic material.

Describe the adaptations of egg cells - answer✔Contains a haploid nucleus

Protective outer layer (zona pellucida)

Corona radiata

Explain why egg cells have a haploid nucleus - answer✔Contains half the genetic material

Explain why egg cells have a zona pellucida (protective layer) - answer✔Protects the cell and only allows
one sperm cell to enter.

Explain why egg cells have a corona radiata (two or three layers attached to the zona pellucida) -
answer✔Contains all of the proteins needed to develop the fertilised cell

Describe the adaptations of red blood cells - answer✔No nucleus (mammals only)

Biconcave shape