NURS 650 - Respiratory Patho questions with correct
answers
alveolar Correct Answer-they serve as protection from invading agents,
regulate ion and water transport, and provide mechanical stability of the
alveoli. Type I alveolar cells provide the structure while type II alveolar
cells secrete surfactant which is a lipoprotein that coats the inner surface
of the alveolus and decreases surface tension at end expiration
preventing collapse. Alveolar macrophages ingest foreign material and
prepares it for removal through the lymphatics.
Pulmonary circulation Correct Answer-serves as a reservoir for the left
ventricle and only about a third of the pulmonary vessels are filled with
blood at any given time. As cardiac output increases, more vessels are
perfused so in most cases, increased cardiac output will not increase
pulmonary artery pressures which is lower than systemic pressure
normally. Gas exchange occurs through the alveolocapillary membrane
so any disorder that thickens this membrane can impair gas exchange.
The bronchial circulation does not participate in gas exchange.
Autonomic Nervous System Correct Answer-Plays a role in regulating
pulmonary circulation, just as it does in systemic circulation.
- generally promotes vasodilation.
Pleural space Correct Answer-cavity generally has a thin layer of fluid
that lubricates the pleural surfaces and allow the visceral and parietal
pleura to slide over each other without separating. The pressure in this
space is usually -4 to -10 mmHg.
, Hypoxia-Induced Vasoconstriction Correct Answer-low oxygen levels,
can lead to increased intracellular calcium and the production of oxygen
radicals within pulmonary blood vessels. These changes can cause
vasoconstriction in an attempt to divert blood flow to areas of the lung
with better oxygenation.
Carbon Dioxide and pH: Correct Answer-hypercapnia in the blood
normally lead to vasodilation in pulmonary blood vessels. However,
vasoconstriction can occur if there is a significant drop in pH, resulting
in acidosis. This relationship between helps maintain proper acid-base
balance in the body.
Vasodilator Molecules in Pulmonary Circulation: Correct Answer-
Histamines
Prostaglandins
Serotonin
Nitric Oxide
Bradykinin
empyema Correct Answer-accumulation of pus in the pleural cavity
The common organisms include staph aureus, e. coli, klebsiella, and
anaerobes.
generally a complication from pneumonia, surgery, trauma, or bronchial
obstruction from a tumor.
answers
alveolar Correct Answer-they serve as protection from invading agents,
regulate ion and water transport, and provide mechanical stability of the
alveoli. Type I alveolar cells provide the structure while type II alveolar
cells secrete surfactant which is a lipoprotein that coats the inner surface
of the alveolus and decreases surface tension at end expiration
preventing collapse. Alveolar macrophages ingest foreign material and
prepares it for removal through the lymphatics.
Pulmonary circulation Correct Answer-serves as a reservoir for the left
ventricle and only about a third of the pulmonary vessels are filled with
blood at any given time. As cardiac output increases, more vessels are
perfused so in most cases, increased cardiac output will not increase
pulmonary artery pressures which is lower than systemic pressure
normally. Gas exchange occurs through the alveolocapillary membrane
so any disorder that thickens this membrane can impair gas exchange.
The bronchial circulation does not participate in gas exchange.
Autonomic Nervous System Correct Answer-Plays a role in regulating
pulmonary circulation, just as it does in systemic circulation.
- generally promotes vasodilation.
Pleural space Correct Answer-cavity generally has a thin layer of fluid
that lubricates the pleural surfaces and allow the visceral and parietal
pleura to slide over each other without separating. The pressure in this
space is usually -4 to -10 mmHg.
, Hypoxia-Induced Vasoconstriction Correct Answer-low oxygen levels,
can lead to increased intracellular calcium and the production of oxygen
radicals within pulmonary blood vessels. These changes can cause
vasoconstriction in an attempt to divert blood flow to areas of the lung
with better oxygenation.
Carbon Dioxide and pH: Correct Answer-hypercapnia in the blood
normally lead to vasodilation in pulmonary blood vessels. However,
vasoconstriction can occur if there is a significant drop in pH, resulting
in acidosis. This relationship between helps maintain proper acid-base
balance in the body.
Vasodilator Molecules in Pulmonary Circulation: Correct Answer-
Histamines
Prostaglandins
Serotonin
Nitric Oxide
Bradykinin
empyema Correct Answer-accumulation of pus in the pleural cavity
The common organisms include staph aureus, e. coli, klebsiella, and
anaerobes.
generally a complication from pneumonia, surgery, trauma, or bronchial
obstruction from a tumor.
