Medsci 142 Cardiovascular Practice
Exam With Already Passed Answers.
Pulmonary circuit - Answer Part of cardiovascular system between RA and RV and LV and LA via the
lungs. Smaller circuit of medium pressure and low blood volume (9%)
Systemic circuit - Answer Part of cardiovascular system between LV and LA and RA and RV via various
body systems including the gut, liver, kidneys, brain and limbs. Large circuit of high blood volume (84%)
and high pressure
Artery - Answer A vessel which takes blood away from the heart
Vein - Answer A vessel which takes bloody towards the heart
Portal vein - Answer A vessel which takes blood from a system to another system
Dual supply - Answer When a system is supplied by two major vessels eg: liver being supplied by
hepatic portal vein from gut and hepatic artery from heart.
Ventricle - Answer Bottom chambers of the heart: strong and able to generate high pressure. Receive
blood from the atrium and pump blood through pulmonary and systemic circuit via the pulmonary trunk
and aorta respectively
Atrium - Answer Superior chambers of the heart, receive blood from veins (Vena Cava and pulmonary)
and pump blood to the ventricles. Pump at low pressure.
Filling phase - Answer Blood flows into the ventricle
Ejection phase - Answer Blood flows out of the ventricle
Auricle - Answer Appendage attached to the atria in order to increase their capacity.
, Vena cava - Answer Veins bringing blood to the right atrium from the systemic circuit. Comprised of
superior and inferior
Pulmonary trunk - Answer Large vessel carrying blood from right ventricle to the lungs. Splits into left
and right pulmonary arteries
Inter-ventricular sulcus - Answer Groove which separates the ventricle externally. Runs both anteriorly
and superiorly
Aorta - Answer Large vessel carrying blood away from the left ventricle into the systemic circuit
Peak pressures - Answer The maximum pressure generated by each chamber of the heart. For
RA,RV,LA,LV these are 5,27,8 and 120 mmHg respectively
Tricuspid valve - Answer Valve of three flaps between the RA and RV to stop blood flow back into the
RA when the RV contracts
Bicuspid(mitral) valve - Answer Valve of two flaps between the LA and LV to stop blood flow back into
the LA when the LV contracts
Chordae tendineae - Answer Tendinous cords, made of white connective tissue joining the flaps of inlet
valves to papillary muscles
Papillary muscles - Answer Muscles attached to free flaps of inlet valves via chordae tendineae to
prevent them from inverting upon ventricular ejection
Aortic valve - Answer Semilunar valve between left ventricle and aorta to prevent blood flow back into
the ventricle
Pulmonary valve - Answer Semilunar valve between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk to prevent
blood flow back into the ventricle upon ventricular ejection
Exam With Already Passed Answers.
Pulmonary circuit - Answer Part of cardiovascular system between RA and RV and LV and LA via the
lungs. Smaller circuit of medium pressure and low blood volume (9%)
Systemic circuit - Answer Part of cardiovascular system between LV and LA and RA and RV via various
body systems including the gut, liver, kidneys, brain and limbs. Large circuit of high blood volume (84%)
and high pressure
Artery - Answer A vessel which takes blood away from the heart
Vein - Answer A vessel which takes bloody towards the heart
Portal vein - Answer A vessel which takes blood from a system to another system
Dual supply - Answer When a system is supplied by two major vessels eg: liver being supplied by
hepatic portal vein from gut and hepatic artery from heart.
Ventricle - Answer Bottom chambers of the heart: strong and able to generate high pressure. Receive
blood from the atrium and pump blood through pulmonary and systemic circuit via the pulmonary trunk
and aorta respectively
Atrium - Answer Superior chambers of the heart, receive blood from veins (Vena Cava and pulmonary)
and pump blood to the ventricles. Pump at low pressure.
Filling phase - Answer Blood flows into the ventricle
Ejection phase - Answer Blood flows out of the ventricle
Auricle - Answer Appendage attached to the atria in order to increase their capacity.
, Vena cava - Answer Veins bringing blood to the right atrium from the systemic circuit. Comprised of
superior and inferior
Pulmonary trunk - Answer Large vessel carrying blood from right ventricle to the lungs. Splits into left
and right pulmonary arteries
Inter-ventricular sulcus - Answer Groove which separates the ventricle externally. Runs both anteriorly
and superiorly
Aorta - Answer Large vessel carrying blood away from the left ventricle into the systemic circuit
Peak pressures - Answer The maximum pressure generated by each chamber of the heart. For
RA,RV,LA,LV these are 5,27,8 and 120 mmHg respectively
Tricuspid valve - Answer Valve of three flaps between the RA and RV to stop blood flow back into the
RA when the RV contracts
Bicuspid(mitral) valve - Answer Valve of two flaps between the LA and LV to stop blood flow back into
the LA when the LV contracts
Chordae tendineae - Answer Tendinous cords, made of white connective tissue joining the flaps of inlet
valves to papillary muscles
Papillary muscles - Answer Muscles attached to free flaps of inlet valves via chordae tendineae to
prevent them from inverting upon ventricular ejection
Aortic valve - Answer Semilunar valve between left ventricle and aorta to prevent blood flow back into
the ventricle
Pulmonary valve - Answer Semilunar valve between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk to prevent
blood flow back into the ventricle upon ventricular ejection
