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What does the ANS regulate? Homeostasis
Peripheral neuropathy Any malfunction or damage of peripheral nerves.
Mononeuropathy Neuropathy involving only one nerve
Polyneuropathy Neuropathy involving multiple nerves
Common cause of mononeuropathy Fractured bones can lacerate and compress bones.
Characteristics of Polyneuropathy Demyelination or degeneration of peripheral nerves.
Sensory, motor, or mixed sensorimotor deficits.
Conditions that cause Polyneuropathy Guillan Barre syndrome
Diabetes
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Area most affected by polyneuropathy Distal nerves of hands and feet
Eyes are controlled by... Cranial nerve III (Oculomotor nerve)
Unilateral dilated pupil may indicate... Increasing inter-cranial pressure
Pinpoint or miosis of the pupils may indicate Toxic etiology usually a narcotic
Patient with the ability to smile, frown, or wrinkle their forehead indicates Intact Cranial
nerve VII
If both pupils are dilated and unreactive to light it may indicate Damage to the brainstem
Having a Pt look to the extreme left or the extreme right with only eye moverment
Cardinal positions of gaze
Common way to access for facial droop Have them show their
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Cheyne-Stokes respirations A breathing pattern characterized by a period of apnea lasting
10-60 seconds followed by gradually increasing depth and frequency of respirations.
Kussmaul's respirations Rapid deep breathing caused by severe metabolic and CNS
problems
Central Neurogenic hyperventilation Hyperventilation caused by a lesion in the CNS,
often characterized by a rapid, deep, noisy respirations
Ataxic respirations Poor respirations from CNS damage causing ineffective thoracic
coordination
Apneustic respirations Breathing characterized by a prolonged inspiration unrelieved by
expiration attempts, seen in patients with damage in the upper pons
Decorticate posture Characteristic posture associated with a lesion at or above the upper
brainstem. The patient presents with arms flexed, fists clenched, and legs extended.