CCJ 4700 Exam 2 Stewart Questions and Answers | 100% Pass

CCJ 4700 Exam 2 Stewart Questions and Answers | 100% Pass What are the 3 components of a classical experiment? - Answer-1)Pre & Post- Testing 2)Experimental & Control groups 3)Random Assignment ____________ Assignment Is a central feature of the classical experiment - Answer-Random Assignment Random assignment... - Answer-Reduces sources of bias & Creates equivalent groups Criteria for causality: - Answer-1)Cause must come before effect 2)We have to show cause(x) came before effect(y) 3)We have to rule out rival explanations Threats to internal validity: - Answer--History(past events may confound results) -Testing(Retesting influences peoples behavior) -Selection Bias(volunteers may choose to participate in certain study) Why do we use sampling? - Answer-Bc... Its often not possible to collect info from all persons we wish to study & Its often not necessary EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED, FIRST PUBLISH SEPTEMBER 2024 2/8 Two things to do when selecting samples: - Answer-Select samples to represent a larger pop. of people/things & generalize from a sample to an unobserved population the sample is intended to represent When is a sample "representative" of the population? - Answer-When the aggregate characteristics of the sample closely approx. those same characteristics in the population 2 adv. of population samples: - Answer--Typically more representative than other types of samples because they avoid biases -Permits us to estimate the accuracy of the sample Why is standard error important? - Answer-Bc it indicates how closely the sample estimates will be distributed around the population parameter As sample size increase ---> Standard error _______ - Answer-Decreases If sample size is quadrupled then standard error is: - Answer-Reduced by 1/2 What is the sampling Frame? - Answer-List of the population that one is interested in studying What are the types of probability samples? - Answer--SRS -Systematic -Stratified -Cluster SRS - Answer-Number is assigned to each member in the frame and then a random number generator selects elements Systematic - Answer-You randomly select every nth number on a list EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED, FIRST PUBLISH SEPTEMBER 2024 3/8 (researchers use this when a list is available) Stratified (Proportionate) - Answer-First divide the population into strata and then choose your sample Stratified (Disproportionate) - Answer-You over sample certain groups When is Cluster sampling used? - Answer-Used when its impractical to create a list of the target population What are the types of non-probability sampling? - Answer--Purposive -Quota -Convenience -Snowball Purposive - Answer-Chose a sample based on the judgement and the "purpose" of the study Quota - Answer-Researchers try to make sure that the sample has the desired proportion of age, sex, etc. (The researchers use judgement rather than probability when selecting samples) Convenience - Answer-Researchers rely on availability Snowball - Answer-Get one subjec