Biology Proctored Exam Penn Foster
Questions and Answers Already Passed
What is the primary function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?
✔✔ To produce ATP through cellular respiration
Which molecule carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis?
✔✔ mRNA (messenger RNA)
What is the basic unit of structure and function in all living organisms?
✔✔ The cell
In which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell?
✔✔ Metaphase
What type of bond holds the two strands of a DNA double helix together?
✔✔ Hydrogen bonds
1
,Which organelle is known as the "powerhouse" of the cell?
✔✔ Mitochondrion
What is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy?
✔✔ Photosynthesis
What is the term for the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area
of lower concentration?
✔✔ Diffusion
Which macromolecule serves as the primary source of energy for cellular processes?
✔✔ Carbohydrates
What is the role of ribosomes in a cell?
✔✔ To synthesize proteins
Which type of cell division results in four genetically different gametes?
✔✔ Meiosis
2
,What is the function of the cell membrane?
✔✔ To regulate the movement of substances into and out of the cell
What is the name of the process that cells use to replicate DNA?
✔✔ DNA replication
Which organ system is responsible for transporting nutrients, gases, and waste products
throughout the body?
✔✔ The circulatory system
What type of organism can make its own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis?
✔✔ Autotroph
What is the process by which cells convert glucose into energy in the presence of oxygen?
✔✔ Cellular respiration
What structure within the cell contains the genetic material?
3
, ✔✔ The nucleus
What is the term for a change in the DNA sequence of a gene?
✔✔ Mutation
What is the role of enzymes in biochemical reactions?
✔✔ To act as catalysts and speed up reactions
Which part of the cell cycle is characterized by cell growth and DNA replication?
✔✔ Interphase
What type of bond forms between amino acids during protein synthesis?
✔✔ Peptide bond
What is the primary role of chlorophyll in plants?
✔✔ To capture light energy for photosynthesis
What is the term for the genetic makeup of an organism?
4
Questions and Answers Already Passed
What is the primary function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?
✔✔ To produce ATP through cellular respiration
Which molecule carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis?
✔✔ mRNA (messenger RNA)
What is the basic unit of structure and function in all living organisms?
✔✔ The cell
In which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell?
✔✔ Metaphase
What type of bond holds the two strands of a DNA double helix together?
✔✔ Hydrogen bonds
1
,Which organelle is known as the "powerhouse" of the cell?
✔✔ Mitochondrion
What is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy?
✔✔ Photosynthesis
What is the term for the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area
of lower concentration?
✔✔ Diffusion
Which macromolecule serves as the primary source of energy for cellular processes?
✔✔ Carbohydrates
What is the role of ribosomes in a cell?
✔✔ To synthesize proteins
Which type of cell division results in four genetically different gametes?
✔✔ Meiosis
2
,What is the function of the cell membrane?
✔✔ To regulate the movement of substances into and out of the cell
What is the name of the process that cells use to replicate DNA?
✔✔ DNA replication
Which organ system is responsible for transporting nutrients, gases, and waste products
throughout the body?
✔✔ The circulatory system
What type of organism can make its own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis?
✔✔ Autotroph
What is the process by which cells convert glucose into energy in the presence of oxygen?
✔✔ Cellular respiration
What structure within the cell contains the genetic material?
3
, ✔✔ The nucleus
What is the term for a change in the DNA sequence of a gene?
✔✔ Mutation
What is the role of enzymes in biochemical reactions?
✔✔ To act as catalysts and speed up reactions
Which part of the cell cycle is characterized by cell growth and DNA replication?
✔✔ Interphase
What type of bond forms between amino acids during protein synthesis?
✔✔ Peptide bond
What is the primary role of chlorophyll in plants?
✔✔ To capture light energy for photosynthesis
What is the term for the genetic makeup of an organism?
4
