CARDIOVASCULAR USMLE STEP 2 HIGH-YIELD STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS UPDATE , EXAMS OF NURSING

CARDIOVASCULAR USMLE STEP 2 HIGH-
YIELD STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS UPDATE
2024-2025, EXAMS OF NURSING

What are the recommendations for LDL levels in patients based
on their CAD risk Correct Answer
Low risk (no risk factors) (no stroke, PVD, DM) <160
Medium risk (2 risk factors) <130
High risk or DM <100
How can the flushing reaction of niacin be prevented Correct
Answer
Take ASA before niacin ingestion
take at bedtime
avoid EtOH and hot beverages
take with a low fat snack
tough it out!
Chvostek and Trousseau signs are associated with what
metabolic abnormality Correct Answer
hypocalcemia
A lesion to which area of the brain causes contralateral
hemiballismus Correct Answer
subthalamic nucleus

,A lesion to which area of the brain causes hemispatial neglect
syndrome Correct Answer
nondominant parietal lobe
A lesion to which area of the brain causes coma Correct Answer
RAS
A lesion to which area of the brain causes poor repetition Correct
Answer
arcuate fasiculus
A lesion to which area of the brain causes poor comprehension
Correct Answer
Wernicke's area
A lesion to which area of the brain causes poor vocal expression
Correct Answer
Broca's area
Which patients are more likely to have atypical angina (or no
angina) during and episode of myocardial ischemia Correct
Answer
diabetics
females
How does nitroglycerin work acutely in a cardiac ischemic
episode Correct Answer
decrease preload and 02 demand

,Why should relief of chest pain with nitroglycerin administration
not be used as a diagnostic test for whether or not the chest pain
is cardiac in nature Correct Answer
esophageal spasm and GERD are also reduced
What is the mechanism of action of Streptokinase Correct Answer
converts plasminogen to plasmin
What is the mechanism of action of aspirin Correct Answer
cox inhibition
What is the mechanism of action of clopidogrel Correct Answer
Platelet ADP receptor antagonist (just like ticlopidine)
What is the mechanism of action of abciximab Correct Answer
GpIIbIIIa inhibitor
What is the mechanism of action of Tirofiban Correct Answer
GpIIbIIIa inhibitor
What is the mechanism of action of ticlopidine Correct Answer
Platelet ADP receptor antagonist (just like clopidogrel)
What is the mechanism of action of enoxaparin Correct Answer
low molecular weight heparin
catalyze activation of antithrombin
What is the mechanism of action of eptifibatide Correct Answer
GpIIbIIIa inhibitor
What is the most common cause of chest pain in a patient with
sudden tearing chest pain radiating to the back Correct Answer

, Aortic dissection
What is the treatment or opioid overdose Correct Answer
Naloxone
What is the classic presentation of a patient with aspirin overdose
Correct Answer
Tinnitus
respiratory alkalosis from hyperventilation
mixed acidosis with anion gap
What is the first-line treatment of growth hormone-secreting
pituitary adenoma Correct Answer
Transsphenoidal tumor resection
What medications should all post-MI patients receive as
outpatients Correct Answer
ASA or clopidogrel
B blocker (B1 specific)
ACE inhibitor or ARB
Statin
Aldosterone antagonist
Which medication types have a proven reduction in mortality
following MI Correct Answer
B blockers
ACE inhibitors/ARBs
Statins