Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)
Exam 3|Questions with Complete
Solutions Rated A+
What type of serologic tests are used to diagnose cases of mycoplasma
pneumonia. - Ans 1) ELISA, cold agglutinins. *Cold agglutinins are also induced in
EBV and CMV, so it is not highly specific*. Only 65% of patients with m.
pneumoniae infection will test positive with cold agglutinins test.
2) DNA probe and NAATs are sensitive and becoming more common.
Do β-lactam antibiotics or other cell wall synthesis inhibitors work on M.
pneumoniae? - Ans No, because it has no cell wall and no peptidoglycan.
What species in the chlamydiaceae family cause human disease? - Ans
Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydophila psittaci and Chlamydophila pneumoniae.
What is the morphology of Chlamydia spp? - Ans G negative "like", very small,
*with inner and outer membrane, LPS, but little peptidoglycan*, cocci with
very small genome. *Obligate intracellular parasite*.
Are β-lactams effective against Chlamydia spp.? - Ans No, because they have very
little peptidoglycan.
, What is the physiology and life cycle of Chlamydia species? - Ans *Obligate
intracellular parasite*. 3 major phases of life developmental cycle:
1) *Attachment and penetration (by endocytosis) of an elementary body (EB)*
into a host-cell cytoplasm
2) Development of the EB into a *reticulate body (RB) within a phagosome*
3) Maturation of RB and formation of new EBs (bacteria-packed phagosomes are
*inclusion bodies in host cells*).
Are Chlamydia spp. able to synthesize their own ATP? - Ans No, they are energy
parasites that are obligately intracellular.
What are the clinical manifestations of Chlamydophila pneumoniae infections? -
Ans -acute respiratory tract infections (sinusitis, bronchitis, pneumonia)
-Infections are similar to atypical pneumonias such as M. pneumoniae and L.
pneumoniae, and respiratory viruses
-coinfection with viruses is common
-reinfections are common (serum antibodies to not seem to be protective)
What other diseases have been correlated to C. pneumoniae infections? - Ans
Atherosclerosis, exacerbation of asthma, and chronic fatigue (SEID)
How are C. pneumoniae infections diagnosed? - Ans Difficult. NAATs will become
test of choice. MIF test for serology have moderate success.
Exam 3|Questions with Complete
Solutions Rated A+
What type of serologic tests are used to diagnose cases of mycoplasma
pneumonia. - Ans 1) ELISA, cold agglutinins. *Cold agglutinins are also induced in
EBV and CMV, so it is not highly specific*. Only 65% of patients with m.
pneumoniae infection will test positive with cold agglutinins test.
2) DNA probe and NAATs are sensitive and becoming more common.
Do β-lactam antibiotics or other cell wall synthesis inhibitors work on M.
pneumoniae? - Ans No, because it has no cell wall and no peptidoglycan.
What species in the chlamydiaceae family cause human disease? - Ans
Chlamydia trachomatis, Chlamydophila psittaci and Chlamydophila pneumoniae.
What is the morphology of Chlamydia spp? - Ans G negative "like", very small,
*with inner and outer membrane, LPS, but little peptidoglycan*, cocci with
very small genome. *Obligate intracellular parasite*.
Are β-lactams effective against Chlamydia spp.? - Ans No, because they have very
little peptidoglycan.
, What is the physiology and life cycle of Chlamydia species? - Ans *Obligate
intracellular parasite*. 3 major phases of life developmental cycle:
1) *Attachment and penetration (by endocytosis) of an elementary body (EB)*
into a host-cell cytoplasm
2) Development of the EB into a *reticulate body (RB) within a phagosome*
3) Maturation of RB and formation of new EBs (bacteria-packed phagosomes are
*inclusion bodies in host cells*).
Are Chlamydia spp. able to synthesize their own ATP? - Ans No, they are energy
parasites that are obligately intracellular.
What are the clinical manifestations of Chlamydophila pneumoniae infections? -
Ans -acute respiratory tract infections (sinusitis, bronchitis, pneumonia)
-Infections are similar to atypical pneumonias such as M. pneumoniae and L.
pneumoniae, and respiratory viruses
-coinfection with viruses is common
-reinfections are common (serum antibodies to not seem to be protective)
What other diseases have been correlated to C. pneumoniae infections? - Ans
Atherosclerosis, exacerbation of asthma, and chronic fatigue (SEID)
How are C. pneumoniae infections diagnosed? - Ans Difficult. NAATs will become
test of choice. MIF test for serology have moderate success.
