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ESP X-Zone: Practice Exam Questions and
Answers
The congenital cardiac anomaly seen most frequently in adults is:
a) Ebstein's Anomaly
b) bicuspid aortic valve
c) ventricular septal defect
d) AV septal defect
o :# B) Bicuspid aortic valve
Which echo window is used in the detection and assessment of the inferior vena cava?
a) Apical
b) Subcostal
c) Parasternal
d) Suprasternal
o :# B) Subcostal
What is the number and location of the papillary muscles of a normal mitral valve?
a) one; the posteromedial
b) two; the posteromedial and anterolateral
c) two; the inferolateral and posteromedial
d) three; the anterolateral, posteromedial, and inferolateral
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o :# B) Two; the posteromedial and the anterolateral
Clinically, prolapse of the mitral valve is associated with:
a) opening snap and systolic murmur
b) diastolic murmur and third heart sound
c) fixed split of the second heart sound
d) midsystolic click and/or late systolic murmur
o :# D) Midsystolic click and/or late systolic murmur
Papillary muscle dysfunction usually results from:
a) Dressler's Syndrome
b) Ischemic heart disease
c) Bacterial endocarditis
d) Rheumatic heart disease
o :# B) Ischemic heart disease
In order to record the vegetation's of endocarditis by echo, the vegetation's must have a
diameter of at least:
a) one centimeter
b) three millimeters
c) three centimeters
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d) five millimeters
o :# B) Three millimeters
How many veins connect the pulmonary vascular bed with the left atrium in the normal
heart?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
o :# D) Four
Which M-Mode finding is considered to be a specific indicator of a fenestrated aortic
valve?
a) Diastolic flutter of the mitral valve
b) Premature opening of the aortic valve
c) Diastolic Flutter of the aortic valve
d) Early systolic flutter of the aortic valve
o :# C) Diastolic flutter of the aortic valve
Which cardiac abnormalities are frequently noted on the echo of patients with Marfan's
syndrome?
a) Mitral stenosis and pericardial effusion
ESP X-Zone: Practice Exam Questions and
Answers
The congenital cardiac anomaly seen most frequently in adults is:
a) Ebstein's Anomaly
b) bicuspid aortic valve
c) ventricular septal defect
d) AV septal defect
o :# B) Bicuspid aortic valve
Which echo window is used in the detection and assessment of the inferior vena cava?
a) Apical
b) Subcostal
c) Parasternal
d) Suprasternal
o :# B) Subcostal
What is the number and location of the papillary muscles of a normal mitral valve?
a) one; the posteromedial
b) two; the posteromedial and anterolateral
c) two; the inferolateral and posteromedial
d) three; the anterolateral, posteromedial, and inferolateral
, 2024/2025 2|Page
o :# B) Two; the posteromedial and the anterolateral
Clinically, prolapse of the mitral valve is associated with:
a) opening snap and systolic murmur
b) diastolic murmur and third heart sound
c) fixed split of the second heart sound
d) midsystolic click and/or late systolic murmur
o :# D) Midsystolic click and/or late systolic murmur
Papillary muscle dysfunction usually results from:
a) Dressler's Syndrome
b) Ischemic heart disease
c) Bacterial endocarditis
d) Rheumatic heart disease
o :# B) Ischemic heart disease
In order to record the vegetation's of endocarditis by echo, the vegetation's must have a
diameter of at least:
a) one centimeter
b) three millimeters
c) three centimeters
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d) five millimeters
o :# B) Three millimeters
How many veins connect the pulmonary vascular bed with the left atrium in the normal
heart?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
o :# D) Four
Which M-Mode finding is considered to be a specific indicator of a fenestrated aortic
valve?
a) Diastolic flutter of the mitral valve
b) Premature opening of the aortic valve
c) Diastolic Flutter of the aortic valve
d) Early systolic flutter of the aortic valve
o :# C) Diastolic flutter of the aortic valve
Which cardiac abnormalities are frequently noted on the echo of patients with Marfan's
syndrome?
a) Mitral stenosis and pericardial effusion
