1|Page :2024 | Grade A+
Rehab Exam #2 Questions and Correct
Answer
General blood flow through the body EXTERNAL to the chest
- Arterial
- Venous
- Lymphatic
o :### Peripheral Vascular System consists of....
Circulatory system disease EXTERNAL to the heart d/t
- Disturbance of structure or function
Pathologies
- Occlusion
- Inflammation
- Neoplasms or radiation
o :### Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD)
disease of the arteries in the arms and legs, resulting in narrowing or complete obstruction of the
artery
o :### Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
- Thickening/ hardening/ loss of elasticity of arteriole walls
- Decreased blood flow
Master01: DO NOT COPY AND PASTE!! August 21, 2024 Latest Update
,2|Page :2024 | Grade A+
o :### Arteriosclerosis Obliterans (ASO) / Arteriosclerotic Vascular Disease (ASVD)
Narrowing of vessel wall from cholesterol "fatty" plaque buildup (CAD)
o :### Atherosclerosis
Activity specific - pain d/t inadequate blood supply - ischemia
o :### Intermittent Claudication - symptom of PAD
- Skin discoloration -> Pallor
- Reactive Hyperemia -> bright red appearance to skin when LE is moved to dependent position
- Tropic Changes -> Shiny waxy appearance, decreased hair, & dryness
- Skin Temperature -> cool to touch
- Ulceration -> decreased nutrients, WB areas / bony prominences
o :### Integumentary Changes with PAD
- Sensory Disturbances
- Paresthesia
- Intolerance to heat/ cold
- Diminished / absent LE pulse
- Muscle weakness/ atrophy d/t disuse
- Pain @ rest d/t increasing ischemia
o :### Manifestations of PAD
1. Promote postures / activities that increase blood flow to extremities through collateral
circulation
Master01: DO NOT COPY AND PASTE!! August 21, 2024 Latest Update
,3|Page :2024 | Grade A+
2. Decrease pain
3. Maintain/ improve function
4. ROM/ strengthening
5. Endurance training
6. Prevent/ to ulcers
o :### Goals of Tx for pt with PAD
1. Graded exercise -> focus on circulation & decreased claudication
2. Graded exercise -> focus on promotion of distal circulation
3. Warm up & cool down
4. Improve tolerance by increasing time between claudication onset
5. Promote vasodilation
6. LE DEPENDENT postures -> gravity influences on circulation -> forces blood to reach distal LE
7. AROM -> increase local circulation better than PROM
8. EDUCATION HEP -> Foot/skin care ; positioning
o :### Tx options for pt with PAD
- Femoral
- Popliteal
- Dorsalis
- Pedis
*pt supine & TEST BILATERALLY*
Master01: DO NOT COPY AND PASTE!! August 21, 2024 Latest Update
, 4|Page :2024 | Grade A+
o :### Pulse Examination Assessments
0 = Absent
1 = Diminished
2 = Normal
3 = Bounding
o :### Grading scale for Pulse examination
Indirect measure of peripheral perfection - systolic BP ankle / systolic BP brachium
- Normal ABI measurement is 0.9 - 1.19
- *Lower ABI indicate arterial insufficiency
o :### Ankle Branchial Index (ABI)
Noninvasive test used to indirectly assess arterial flow in the LE
1. Place the pt in supine *note color of plantar surface*
2. Elevate pt LE 60° for 1 minute *Note color of plantar surface*
- *Normal arterial flow will show MIN to no color change with elevation
- * Arterial sufficient limbs will become PALE with elevation
3. Return LE to start position & record time for return to original color
o :### Rubor of Dependency
Pts with peripheral artery insufficiency disease
- Intended to improve circulation to the LE & Feet
- Exercises are repeated 3-6 times at each sitting & done several times a day
Master01: DO NOT COPY AND PASTE!! August 21, 2024 Latest Update
Rehab Exam #2 Questions and Correct
Answer
General blood flow through the body EXTERNAL to the chest
- Arterial
- Venous
- Lymphatic
o :### Peripheral Vascular System consists of....
Circulatory system disease EXTERNAL to the heart d/t
- Disturbance of structure or function
Pathologies
- Occlusion
- Inflammation
- Neoplasms or radiation
o :### Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD)
disease of the arteries in the arms and legs, resulting in narrowing or complete obstruction of the
artery
o :### Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
- Thickening/ hardening/ loss of elasticity of arteriole walls
- Decreased blood flow
Master01: DO NOT COPY AND PASTE!! August 21, 2024 Latest Update
,2|Page :2024 | Grade A+
o :### Arteriosclerosis Obliterans (ASO) / Arteriosclerotic Vascular Disease (ASVD)
Narrowing of vessel wall from cholesterol "fatty" plaque buildup (CAD)
o :### Atherosclerosis
Activity specific - pain d/t inadequate blood supply - ischemia
o :### Intermittent Claudication - symptom of PAD
- Skin discoloration -> Pallor
- Reactive Hyperemia -> bright red appearance to skin when LE is moved to dependent position
- Tropic Changes -> Shiny waxy appearance, decreased hair, & dryness
- Skin Temperature -> cool to touch
- Ulceration -> decreased nutrients, WB areas / bony prominences
o :### Integumentary Changes with PAD
- Sensory Disturbances
- Paresthesia
- Intolerance to heat/ cold
- Diminished / absent LE pulse
- Muscle weakness/ atrophy d/t disuse
- Pain @ rest d/t increasing ischemia
o :### Manifestations of PAD
1. Promote postures / activities that increase blood flow to extremities through collateral
circulation
Master01: DO NOT COPY AND PASTE!! August 21, 2024 Latest Update
,3|Page :2024 | Grade A+
2. Decrease pain
3. Maintain/ improve function
4. ROM/ strengthening
5. Endurance training
6. Prevent/ to ulcers
o :### Goals of Tx for pt with PAD
1. Graded exercise -> focus on circulation & decreased claudication
2. Graded exercise -> focus on promotion of distal circulation
3. Warm up & cool down
4. Improve tolerance by increasing time between claudication onset
5. Promote vasodilation
6. LE DEPENDENT postures -> gravity influences on circulation -> forces blood to reach distal LE
7. AROM -> increase local circulation better than PROM
8. EDUCATION HEP -> Foot/skin care ; positioning
o :### Tx options for pt with PAD
- Femoral
- Popliteal
- Dorsalis
- Pedis
*pt supine & TEST BILATERALLY*
Master01: DO NOT COPY AND PASTE!! August 21, 2024 Latest Update
, 4|Page :2024 | Grade A+
o :### Pulse Examination Assessments
0 = Absent
1 = Diminished
2 = Normal
3 = Bounding
o :### Grading scale for Pulse examination
Indirect measure of peripheral perfection - systolic BP ankle / systolic BP brachium
- Normal ABI measurement is 0.9 - 1.19
- *Lower ABI indicate arterial insufficiency
o :### Ankle Branchial Index (ABI)
Noninvasive test used to indirectly assess arterial flow in the LE
1. Place the pt in supine *note color of plantar surface*
2. Elevate pt LE 60° for 1 minute *Note color of plantar surface*
- *Normal arterial flow will show MIN to no color change with elevation
- * Arterial sufficient limbs will become PALE with elevation
3. Return LE to start position & record time for return to original color
o :### Rubor of Dependency
Pts with peripheral artery insufficiency disease
- Intended to improve circulation to the LE & Feet
- Exercises are repeated 3-6 times at each sitting & done several times a day
Master01: DO NOT COPY AND PASTE!! August 21, 2024 Latest Update
