ICT3612 EXAM PACK
2024
QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
FOR ASSISTANCE CONTACT
EMAIL:
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Demo
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FunctionX Press
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Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................. 12
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS ERROR! BOOKMARK
NOT DEFINED.
1.1 Computers: An Overview.........................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.1.1 Introduction........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.1.2 Introduction to Header Files............Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.1.3 C++ Instructions................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.2 C++ Projects ...............................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.2.1 Creating a Project..............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.2.2 Executing a Program........................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.2.3 Creating and Executing a Dev-C++ 4 Application...................Error!
Bookmark not defined.
1.2.4 Borland C++ Builder (Console) Applications..... Error! Bookmark
not defined.
1.2.5 Linux C++ (Terminal) Applications.............. Error! Bookmark not
defined.
1.2.6 KDevelop C++ Projects ...................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.2.7 Microsoft Visual C++ Console ApplicationsError! Bookmark not
defined.
1.2.8 Microsoft Visual C++ .NET Console Applications.................Error!
Bookmark not defined.
1.3 Data Output: An Introduction..................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3.1 Using cout...........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3.2 Comments...........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3.3 Writing Instructions..........................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3.4 Escape Sequences..............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER 2: VARIABLES AND DATA TYPES ...... ERROR! BOOKMARK
NOT DEFINED.
2.1 Variables......................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.1.1 Introduction to Variables .................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.1.2 C++’ Names .......................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2 Variables and their Data Types ...............Error ! Bookmark not defined.
2.2.1 Introduction........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2.2 The cin Extractor...............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3 The Numeric Systems ...............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3.1 Introduction........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3.2 The Binary System............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3.3 The Decimal System.........................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3.4 The Hexadecimal System...............Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3.5 Signed and unsigned.........................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.4 Representing Numbers ..............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.4.1 A Bit ....................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.4.2 A Nibble ..............................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.5 A Byte..........................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.5.1 Representing a Byte..........................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.5.2 Character Variables...........................Error! Bookmark not defined.
© FunctionX, Inc. 3
, lOMoARcPSD|31863004
2.5.3 Escape Sequences..............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.5.4 Boolean Variables .............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.6 A Word ........................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.6.1 Representing a Word ........................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.6.2 Short Integers.....................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.7 A Double-Word..........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.7.1 Representing a Double-Word..........Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.7.2 Using Integers....................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.7.3 Long Integers .....................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.7.4 Enumerations.....................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.8 Floating-Point Numbers............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.8.1 Floating-Point Variables ..................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.8.2 Double-Precision Numbers .............Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.8.3 Arrays of Characters .........................Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER 3: TECHNIQUES OF USING VARIABLES ................................13
3.1 Techniques of Using Variables .................................................................... 14
3.1.1 The typedef Type Definition................................................................ 14
3.1.2 Constants ................................................................................................. 15
3.2 Namespaces ..................................................................................................... 17
3.2.1 Creating a namespace............................................................................ 17
3.2.2 Accessing a namespace: The Scope Access Operator..................... 18
3.2.3 The using Keyword................................................................................ 20
3.3 Combining Namespaces ................................................................................ 21
3.3.1 Using Various Namespaces .................................................................. 22
3.3.2 Nesting Namespaces .............................................................................. 26
3.3.3 The std Namespace................................................................................ 29
3.3.4 Introduction to Strings........................................................................... 30
CHAPTER 4: OPERATIONS AND EXPRESSIONS ERROR! BOOKMARK
NOT DEFINED.
4.1 Unary Operators .........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.1.1 Introduction........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.1.2 Unary Operators: The Positive Operator +... Error! Bookmark not
defined.
4.1.3 Unary Operators: The Negative Operator - .. Error! Bookmark not
defined.
4.1.4 Unary Operators: Increment and Decrement ++ and -- ...........Error!
Bookmark not defined.
4.1.5 Unary Operators: The Address Operator &.. Error! Bookmark not
defined.
4.1.6 Unary Operators: The Reference Operator & ..... Error! Bookmark
not defined.
4.1.7 Unary Operators: The sizeof Operator .......... Error! Bookmark not
defined.
4.2 Algebraic Operators ..................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.2.1 The Addition......................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.2.2 The Subtraction .................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.2.3 The Multiplication.............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.2.4 The Division.......................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.2.5 The Remainder ..................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.3 C++ Operators ............................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.3.1 Parentheses .........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.3.2 Square Brackets .................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.3.3 Curly Brackets ...................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
© FunctionX, Inc. 4
2024
QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
FOR ASSISTANCE CONTACT
EMAIL:
, lOMoARcPSD|31863004
Demo
???????????????
FunctionX Press
1
, lOMoARcPSD|31863004
Table of Contents
Introduction................................................................................................................. 12
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS ERROR! BOOKMARK
NOT DEFINED.
1.1 Computers: An Overview.........................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.1.1 Introduction........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.1.2 Introduction to Header Files............Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.1.3 C++ Instructions................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.2 C++ Projects ...............................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.2.1 Creating a Project..............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.2.2 Executing a Program........................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.2.3 Creating and Executing a Dev-C++ 4 Application...................Error!
Bookmark not defined.
1.2.4 Borland C++ Builder (Console) Applications..... Error! Bookmark
not defined.
1.2.5 Linux C++ (Terminal) Applications.............. Error! Bookmark not
defined.
1.2.6 KDevelop C++ Projects ...................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.2.7 Microsoft Visual C++ Console ApplicationsError! Bookmark not
defined.
1.2.8 Microsoft Visual C++ .NET Console Applications.................Error!
Bookmark not defined.
1.3 Data Output: An Introduction..................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3.1 Using cout...........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3.2 Comments...........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3.3 Writing Instructions..........................Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3.4 Escape Sequences..............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER 2: VARIABLES AND DATA TYPES ...... ERROR! BOOKMARK
NOT DEFINED.
2.1 Variables......................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.1.1 Introduction to Variables .................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.1.2 C++’ Names .......................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2 Variables and their Data Types ...............Error ! Bookmark not defined.
2.2.1 Introduction........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2.2 The cin Extractor...............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3 The Numeric Systems ...............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3.1 Introduction........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3.2 The Binary System............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3.3 The Decimal System.........................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3.4 The Hexadecimal System...............Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3.5 Signed and unsigned.........................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.4 Representing Numbers ..............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.4.1 A Bit ....................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.4.2 A Nibble ..............................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.5 A Byte..........................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.5.1 Representing a Byte..........................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.5.2 Character Variables...........................Error! Bookmark not defined.
© FunctionX, Inc. 3
, lOMoARcPSD|31863004
2.5.3 Escape Sequences..............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.5.4 Boolean Variables .............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.6 A Word ........................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.6.1 Representing a Word ........................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.6.2 Short Integers.....................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.7 A Double-Word..........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.7.1 Representing a Double-Word..........Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.7.2 Using Integers....................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.7.3 Long Integers .....................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.7.4 Enumerations.....................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.8 Floating-Point Numbers............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.8.1 Floating-Point Variables ..................Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.8.2 Double-Precision Numbers .............Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.8.3 Arrays of Characters .........................Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER 3: TECHNIQUES OF USING VARIABLES ................................13
3.1 Techniques of Using Variables .................................................................... 14
3.1.1 The typedef Type Definition................................................................ 14
3.1.2 Constants ................................................................................................. 15
3.2 Namespaces ..................................................................................................... 17
3.2.1 Creating a namespace............................................................................ 17
3.2.2 Accessing a namespace: The Scope Access Operator..................... 18
3.2.3 The using Keyword................................................................................ 20
3.3 Combining Namespaces ................................................................................ 21
3.3.1 Using Various Namespaces .................................................................. 22
3.3.2 Nesting Namespaces .............................................................................. 26
3.3.3 The std Namespace................................................................................ 29
3.3.4 Introduction to Strings........................................................................... 30
CHAPTER 4: OPERATIONS AND EXPRESSIONS ERROR! BOOKMARK
NOT DEFINED.
4.1 Unary Operators .........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.1.1 Introduction........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.1.2 Unary Operators: The Positive Operator +... Error! Bookmark not
defined.
4.1.3 Unary Operators: The Negative Operator - .. Error! Bookmark not
defined.
4.1.4 Unary Operators: Increment and Decrement ++ and -- ...........Error!
Bookmark not defined.
4.1.5 Unary Operators: The Address Operator &.. Error! Bookmark not
defined.
4.1.6 Unary Operators: The Reference Operator & ..... Error! Bookmark
not defined.
4.1.7 Unary Operators: The sizeof Operator .......... Error! Bookmark not
defined.
4.2 Algebraic Operators ..................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.2.1 The Addition......................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.2.2 The Subtraction .................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.2.3 The Multiplication.............................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.2.4 The Division.......................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.2.5 The Remainder ..................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.3 C++ Operators ............................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.3.1 Parentheses .........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.3.2 Square Brackets .................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.3.3 Curly Brackets ...................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
© FunctionX, Inc. 4
