Pharmacology Exam #3 Study Questions and Answers Graded A

What is a diuretic A substance that increases uresis What are the 3 types of diuretics we learned about in class loop, thiazide, and potassium-sparing What is the prototype loop diuretic we learned about lasix What is the MOA of lasix prohibits Na+ reabsorption in the loop of henle 2 ways to administer lasix IV or PO What can happen if you push IV lasix too fast ototoxicity most important lab value to monitor when administering lasix K+ what labs do you need to monitor when administering lasix BUN/creat, K+ What is the prototype hydrochlorothiazide that we talked about in class Hydrochlorothiazide What is the MOA of hydrochlorothiazide prohibits Na+ reabsorption in the DCT 2 side effects of taking hydrochlorothiazide increased BS in diabetic pts and worsening gout 3 labs to monitor when administering hydrochlorothiazide K+, BUN/creat, Uric acid What is the prototype of potassium-sparing diuretic that we talked about in class spironolactone What is the MOA of spironolactone aldosterone antagonist What is the route for spironolactone Mouth What is can happen to potassium levels when taking spironolactone hyperkalemia What hormonal side effects can occur in women taking spironolactone menstrual irregularities, hirsutism, breast tenderness What hormonal side effects can occur in men taking spironolactone decreased libido, gynecomastia, impotence How much weight gain in a day and in a week need to be reported when taking diuretics? 2 lbs/day and 5 lbs/week muscle weakness, cramps, heart palpitations, fatigue: what electrolyte imbalance do these indicate? Hypokalemia Muscle weakness, cramps, heart palpitations, fatigue, bradycardia: what electrolyte imbalance do these indicate? hyperkalemia Anticoagulant something that prevents blood clotting What are the 2 ways we can give heparin IV or SQ What is heparin's antagonist or antidote? protamine sulfate What can IV heparin be used for? acute DVT, PE, MI What is the most important lab to monitor when giving IV heparin?