USABO – Genetics Questions and Verified Answers | Passed | A+

homologous chromosomes : Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure chiasmata : X-shaped regions where crossing over occurred. cohesins : Proteins that hold sister chromatids together crossing over : Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis. synaptonemal complex 2 : A zipper-like protein structure that causes replicated homologs to become physically connected during prophase of meiosis I; sets the stage for crossing over. synapsis : the fusion of chromosome pairs at the start of meiosis. P generation : Parental generation, the first two individuals that mate in a genetic cross F1 generation : the first generation of offspring obtained from an experimental cross of two organisms F2 generation : Offspring resulting from interbreeding of the hybrid F1 generation. Law of Segregation : Mendel's law that states that the pairs of homologous chromosomes separa