PB 200 NCSU Final test (Questions + Answers) Solved

Aerobic Respiration - Inputs: glucose/O2 Products: CO2 and H2O Fermentation - Inputs: glucose Products: CO2 and Ethanol Specialized Metabolites - Natural plant products Human use: medicine, poisons, flavorings, nutrition, and color Phenolics - Tannins used in hide staining and red wines Antioxidant THC Salicylic acid Prevent growth of nearby plants Terpenoids - Used for defense or attraction - pine and cedar scent - essential oils (mint, citrus, teatree) - natural rubber Cyanogenic Glycosides - upon reaction with specific enzymes, release hydrogen cyanide Alkaloids - high pH (bitter) - caffeine - Pupil dilation - Morphine and codeine- Cocaine and mescaline - Nicotine Transgenic - Plants in which DNA from another species has been integrated Transformation - the genetic manipulation of a cell resulting from delivery and incorporation of DNA from another source. Natural transformation process - Agrobacterium inserts a fragment of its own DNA into plant cells. - induces cells to promote cell division - cells form a tumor-like growth - effective for dicots Biolistics - "Gene gun" Pros: fast, used on wider array of species Cons: expensive and lower success rate. Transformed plants used today - Corn, potato, rice, sweetpotato and wheat Input traits - (better yield) - insect resistance - herbicide tolerance - disease resistance - drought, cold, and salt tolerance