Psyc 1101 Final Exam Questions With Verified Solutions

Psyc 1101 Final Exam Questions With Verified Solutions What is Psychology - answer✔✔The study of mental processes. Subfields of Psychology - answer✔✔Cognitive, Biological, School, Personali ty Psychodynamic approach of Sigmund Freud - answer✔✔Unconscious Biological psychology - answer✔✔study of cells, genes, and organs of the body and the physical and chemical changes involved in behavior and mental processes Nervous system - answer✔✔receives information, sends messages, and begins actions Endocrine system - answer✔✔regulates internal activity of the body with glands that secrete hormones. Neurons - answer✔✔send and receive signals Glial cells - answer✔✔"glue" these cells hold neurons together . But they also guide neuron's growth, maintain a stable chemical environment, provide energy, help restore damage, and help respond to signals from neurons. Axon - answer✔✔a cell fiber that carries signals away from the cell body. (most neurons only have one) Dendrite - answer✔✔a cell fiber that receives signals from other neurons and carries information toward the neurons cell body. (most neurons have many dendrites) Action potentials - answer✔✔are electrochemical pulses that shoot down the neuron's axon. * "all or none" it either fires at full strength or not at all. *Speed depends on thickness of axon and myelin(white fatty substance that speeds up ) How do dendrites receive messages? - answer✔✔bag-like vesicles release stored chemicals called Neurotransmitters into space between two neurons Synapse - answer✔✔space between neurons Neurotransmitters - answer✔✔chemical that floats across synapse to bind with receptors, proteins on a dendrite or receiving neuron. Central Nervous System (CNS) - answer✔✔Consists of the brain and spinal cord (protected by bone). is the CEO of the nervous system - receives info, processes it and decides what actions should resu lt. Peripheral Nervous System - answer✔✔extends throughout the body and relays info. to and from the brain. Somatic Nervous System - answer✔✔carries signals between the senses and CNS, and between the CNS and skeletal muscles. sensory neurons - answer✔✔bring info to the brain motor neurons - answer✔✔send info from brain to muscles Autonomic Nervous System - answer✔✔carries messages between the CNS and the heart, lungs, and other organs and glands. Autonomic Nervous System has 2 divisions - answer✔✔Sympathet ic system - directs body to spend energy to react to stress (increased heart rate, faster breathing, often called "fight or flight" response) Parasympathetic system - answer✔✔directs body to conserve energy (slower heart rate). Helps calm after increased sy mpathetic arousal. Endocrine System - answer✔✔Operating on orders from the brain, this system regulates growth, energy consumption and sexual behavior, also readies the body for action. Provides cell to cell communication Cells of this system's glands re lease chemicals called hormones into the bloodstream Hormones - answer✔✔can only influence cells with receptors capable of receiving them. E.g. estrogen activates female reproductive system. Stress Hormone Systems - answer✔✔When threat is perceived, pituit ary gland releases ACTH , this causes adrenal glands to release the stress hormone cortisol which activates cells throughout the body, including the brain. Combination of hormones and activation of sympathetic nervous system result in "fight or flight" response Refractory period - answer✔✔Brief recovery time after an action potential when a neuron cannot fire another action potential. Sympathetic system - answer✔✔directs body to spend energy to react to stress (increased heart rate, faster breathing, often called "fight or flight" response)