APEA Endo Practice Test

When patients administer regular insulin (Humulin R U-500), they should be taught: - answers10 units of Humulin R U-500 is equal to 10 units on a U-500 insulin syringe. Radioiodine therapy is safe to administer to: - answersA 30-year-old man who desires natural fatherhood-used to tx hyperthyroidism and does not cause infantility or birth defects in the offspring of tx'd pts A pt who has Addison's disease has received a prescription for fludrocortisone. Fludrocortisone acts by: - answersRegulating salt and water balance-mineralocorticoid indicated as partial replacement therapy for pts with primary or 2ndary adrenocortical insufficiency Methimazole for the tx of Graves' disease is contraindicated in pts: - answersWho are pregnant-can cause fetal harm when administered, can readily cross the placental membranes Which of the following medications may cause gynecomastia? - answersEnalapril (Vasotec)-ACE inhibitors may cause gynecomastia A pt is started on a sulfonylurea (i.e. glyburide). The NP informs the pt that sulfonylureas are likely to: - answersReduce microvascular events-also low in cost Disadvantages-produce hypoglycemia and cause weight gain Thiazolidinedione (TZD) medications: - answersIncrease insulin sensitivity-by acting on adipose, muscle & liver to increase glucose utilization and decrease glucose production Pts taking dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 (DDP-IV) inhibitors for the tx of T2DM do NOT routinely need to be monitored for: - answersWeight loss-Januvia, Onglyza, Tradjenta not likely to cause weight loss or weight gain The expected hemoglobin A1V reduction for pts who are started on dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 (DDP-IV) inhibitors such as sitagliptin (Januvia) is: - answers0.6% DDP-IV inhibitors such as alogliptin (Nesina): - answersSuppress glucagon secretion and increase insulin secretion Sulfonylurea-stimulate the release of insulin from functioning beta cells Biguanides-decrease hepatic glucose production, decrease intestinal absorption of glucose, and improve insulin sensitivity Prior to the admin of methimazole (Tapazole) the NP should obtain a baseline: - answersCBC-tx for hyperthyroidism, CBC & liver profile should be obtained A pt is started on exenatide (Byetta) for T2DM. Byetta should be d/c'd if the pt exhibits: - answersPersistent abd pain, radiating to the back-monitored for sx of acute pancreatitis Sulfonylureas such as glyburide (Micronase) are extensively metabolized: - answersIn the liver-primarily by CYP 450 A 48-year-old pt is started on metformin (Glucophage) for T2DM. The maximum expected hemoglobin A1C reduction after initiation of this medication is: - answers2%- usual expected decrease in A1C is 1-2% Insulins recommended for use in insulin pump delivery systems include: - answersApidra & Humalog-only rapid acting insulins are safe for continuous IV use The generic name for Victoza is: - answersLiraglutide-GLP-1 agonists A pt who is started on a glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1), such as Victoza, should be informed that this class of medications may: - answersIncrease satiety-delay gastric emptying & promote weight loss Pts who are receiving radioiodine therapy for hyperthyroidism should be advised to: - answersAvoid contact with young children for several days-radiation emits from the body avoid kids & pregnant women Pts taking thiazolidinedione (TZD) medications should be monitored for: - answersFluid retention & weight gain-may precipitate or exacerbate HF in some pts by causing dose-related fluid retention Levothyroxine use in the 1st trimester of pregnancy: - answersMay require an increase in dose-due to alterations of endogenous maternal thyroid hormones