Nutrition Sherpath Questions with 100% Correct Answers

Nutrition Sherpath Questions with 100% Correct Answers The nurse is caring for an older adult who lives alone. The nurse becomes concerned that the patient is getting inadequate nutrition based on which neurologic manifestations? A. Decreased Alertness B. Slower muscle response time C. Decreased Hearing D. Decreased visual acuity E. Slower problem-solving Answer: A, B, E The nurse is caring for an older adult with Alzheimer disease and a secondary diagnosis of malnutrition. Which neurologic functions affect the patient's ability to receive adequate nutrition? A. Functional Ability B. Cognitive ability C. Memory D. Socioeconomic function E. Language Answer: A, B, C An adult patient is being treated in the hospital for hypertensive crisis. Which nutritional modification should the patient make immediately that can positively impact blood pressure? A. Decrease sugar B. Decrease salt C. Decrease fat. D. Decrease carbohydrates. Answer: B An athletic adolescent girl is being treated for iron deficiency anemia. Which symptoms are expected with this condition? A. weight gain B. Fatigue C. Constipation D. Dizziness E. Pale skin Answer: B, D, E A patient in the telemetry unit is recovering from a heart attack. The nurse teaches the patient that blood flow to part of the heart was occluded by plaque from which substances? A. Sodium B. Glucose C. Vitamins D. Cholesterol E. Lipids Answer: D, E Which complications may result from malabsorption? A. Poor wound healing B. Dysphagia C. weight loss D. Fatigue E. Psychological disorders Answer: A, C, D Parents of an infant diagnosed with phenylketonuria (PKU) are informed that the condition is a result of failure to metabolize amino acids after consuming which substance? A. Protein B. Fat C. Water D. Carbs Answer: A - PKU is a rare condition in which an infant's body fails to metabolize the amino acid phenylalanine, and dangerous levels of phenylalanine build up after consuming protein. A patient presents to the hospital with persistent bloody diarrhea, vomiting, and stomatitis. Laboratory values indicate the patient has suffered nutritional imbalance as a result of recent decreased food intake and diarrhea. Which inflammatory bowel disease could be responsible? A. Phenylketonuria (PKU) B. Diverticular disease C. Crohn disease D. Ulcerative colitis Answer: C - Stomatitis is inflammation of the mouth and lips. Crohn disease is a chronic disease that causes inflammation in any part of the gastrointestinal tract, including the mouth. A high school nurse notes that girls on the cross-country team eat together each day. She notes that one of the girls only consumes an apple each day at lunch and has experienced a decline in her athletic performance. Which condition does the nurse suspect in this girl? A. Phenylketonuria (PKU) B. Bulimia nervosa C. Anorexia nervosa D. Crohn disease Answer: C - Anorexia nervosa is a serious eating disorder in which the person restricts dietary intake. The nurse is completing the physical assessment on a patient just admitted to the hospital. The nurse is focusing on the nutritional aspects of this assessment. Which factors should the nurse pay close attention to when examining the patient? A. Skin, hair, and dentition B. Eyes, ears, nose, and throat C. How the patient is feeling D. The patient's steady gait Answer: A - A patient's skin, hair, and dentition can be strong indicators of nutritional status. A patient has been admitted to the hospital for malnutrition, and the nurse is explaining the plan of care. When the nurse comes in to take blood for the physical assessment, which statement is most appropriate for the nurse to make to the patient? A. "Taking a patient's blood is standard procedure." B. "A laboratory study will allow us as your health care providers to thoroughly assess your nutritional status." C. "The health care provider has prescribed this procedure." D. "A blood test is necessary to see what is lacking from your diet." Answer: B - This explanation conveys to the patient the importance of laboratory studies as part of a thorough nutritional assessment. The nurse weighs a 13-year-old female patient, asks her how she feels about her body, and collects data about the different types of foods she likes to eat during the day. Which type of assessment is the nurse performing? A. Cardiac assessment B. Psychological assessment C. Health history D. Fall-risk assessment Answer: C - A health history includes the type of foods a patient eats, the patient's body self-esteem, and physical symptoms the patient may be experiencing. The nurse is focused on a 22-year-old male's need to weigh himself every day. The patient made a comment about how ugly he feels and said that for girls to like him he must be skinny. He told the nurse that he takes laxatives on a regular interval to help maintain his figure. Which information can the nurse determine from this assessment? A. The patient is focused on his ability to regulate his diet efficiently. B. The patient has negative body self-esteem. C. The patient has concerns about his bowel function. D. The patient is focused on the desire for a relationship. Answer: B - The patient's extreme focus on weight and dislike for his body indicate negative body self-esteem. A young patient is working with a nurse on nutrition improvement. The nurse tells the patient that there are two main ways to examine dietary habits. The nurse is referring to which two methods? A. Physical assessment and health history B. Mini Nutritional Assessment and DETERMINE self-assessment C. Food diary and 24-hour recall method D. Generic and holistic methods Answer: C - The food diary and 24-hour recall method are two types of assessments the nurse can use to assess the amount and type of food a patient is consuming. A nurse is working on nutrition with a 64-year-old patient. The nurse asks the patient to describe the types and amounts of food consumed the previous day. Which type of assessment is the nurse completing? A. Complete health history B. Mini Nutritional Assessment C. Food diary D. 24-hour recall Answer: D - The nurse is completing a 24-hour recall assessment, in which the patient is asked to recount the types and amounts of food consumed over the last day. A 14-year-old female is brought into the emergency department (ED) by her parents. She is 5'3" and weighs 75 pounds. Her parents state that she refuses to eat. Based upon this information, what can the nurse determine about the patient? A. The patient is rebelling against her parents. B. The patient might have an eating disorder. C. The family does not have enough money for food.