Foundation AQA Biology Paper 1 Questions and Answers

Foundation AQA Biology Paper 1 Questions and Answers What are the structures of an animal cell? - Answer️️ -Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes. What are the structures of a plant cell? - Answer️️ -All structures from animal cells and cell wall, permanent vacuole and chloroplasts. What does the nucleus do? - Answer️️ -Stores DNA and directs all cellular activities. What is the cytoplasm do? - Answer️️ -Where most chemical reactions take place. What does the cell membrane do? - Answer️️ -Holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out. What is the mitochondria? - Answer️️ -Powerhouse of the cell where aerobic respiration takes place. What are ribosomes? - Answer️️ -site of protein synthesis What is the cell wall? - Answer️️ -Found on the outside of plant cells, it is made of cellulose and strengthens the cell. What is the permanent vacuole? - Answer️️ -Found in plant cells, it helps support the cell. What are chloroplasts? - Answer️️ -Site of photosynthesis. Do all plant cells have chloroplasts? - Answer️️ -No. What are the two main type of cell? - Answer️️ -Prokaryotic and eukaryotic. What cells are eukaryotic? - Answer️️ -Plant, animal and fungal cells What cell is prokaryotic? - Answer️️ -bacteria What are the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? - Answer️️ - prokaryotic cells are smaller, do not contain a nucleus genetic material is instead in a single DNA loop and they contain small rings called plasmids. What is a typical bacterial cell? - Answer️️ -Cytoplasm which takes over job of mitochondria and chloroplasts, may be a flagella, plasmids are present. How many micrometers are in a meter? - Answer️️ -1,000,000 What is a light microscope? - Answer️️ -A microscope that uses a series of glass lenses and visible light to magnify an image. This microscope magnifies images up to 1,000 times the actual size. What is a electron microscope? - Answer️️ -a microscope with high magnification and resolution, employing electron beams in place of light and using electron lenses. What is the formula for magnification? - Answer️️ -Magnification = image size / real size What is cell division? - Answer️️ -Process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells Where are chromosomes found? - Answer️️ -nucleus of a cell How many chromosomes do humans have? - Answer️️ -46 (23 pairs) What happens before cell division? - Answer️️ -The cell copies all of its DNA What are stem cells? - Answer️️ -undifferentiated cells Where are stem cells found? - Answer️️ -In early human embryos What are stem cells from human embryos called? - Answer️️ -embryonic stem cells What is therapeutic cloning? - Answer️️ -An embryo could be made to have the same genetic information as the patient The stem cells produced from it would also contain the same genes - they wouldn't be rejected by the patient's body if used to replace faulty cells Where are stem cells found in plants? - Answer️️ -Meristems Why are people concerned about using stem cells from cloned embryos? - Answer️️ - Viral infection and religious/ethical objections What is diffusion? - Answer️️ -The movement of particles from an a