PSYC300 final exam

advantages - requires less participants, no individual differences, reduces variance (increases the chances of detecting a treatment effect) advantages of matched design - reduce the equivalent groups problem of between subjects designs reduce the order problem of within subjects designs between-subjects design - A research design in which different groups of participants are randomly assigned to experimental conditions or to control conditions. complete counterbalancing - every possible sequence will be used at least once, requires presenting the treatments in every possible sequence, deals with order effect Data (qualitative) - summarize main points as soon as possible, tentative ideas of analysis descriptive statistics (qualitative) - frequency tables, word clouds, representative codes, etc. differences between qualitative and quantitative - numerical data before: researcher creates a numerical scale and asks participants to report their number after: researchers ask participants and then code numbers to their response directionality of causation - is reverse causation possible? if the variables were measured in the same time frame, you cannot know what is causing what longitudinal data may be better disadvantages - more time for the participant, threats to internal validity (confounding variables from environment, time related factors, maturation, testing effects, drop out, order effect) disadvantages of matched design - uneven groups require more participants some participants cannot be matched for whatever reason - would need more participants evaluating quality of measurements - reliability and validity experimental design - manipulation of a variable and random assignment cause and effect creating 2 treatment conditions