AMLS 3rd Edition Post Test with 100% correct answers 2024

Which of the following may cause primary respiratory alkalosis? A. Fever B. Chest Wall Pain C. Vomiting D. Renal Failure - correct answer A. Fever A quadriplegic male is experiencing difficulty breathing and restlessness. His skin is flush and his urine is dark yellow and cloudy. Vital signs are BP 86/68, P 128, R 24, temp is 38 C. Which type of shock should you suspect? A. Hypovolemic B. Obstructive C. Septic D. Cardiogenic - correct answer C. Septic A 20-year old male college student complains of acute onset of fever, headaches, vomiting and malaise. He appears ill and has a petechial rash on his extremities. What should you suspect? A. Acute gastroenteritis B. Encephalitis C. Meningitis D. Influenza - correct answer C. Meningitis A 20-year old male complains of severe pain after a jellyfish sting. He has a red, swollen ankle and foot. What should you do? A. Apply a hot pack to the area and mark the affected area B. Splint the limb and administer an antipyretic C. Wash the area and administer an analgesic D. Apply an ice pack and administer an opiod - correct answer C. Wash the area and administer an analgesic The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is activated during shock in order to cause the following? A. Increase in preload, afterload, and reabsorption of sodium B. Hypotension and bradycardia C. Decrease in Preload, afterload, and reabsorption of sodium D. Vasodilation and sodium reabsorption - correct answer A. Increase in preload, afterload, and reabsorption of sodium An elderly COPD patient complains of difficulty in breathing upon exertion. She has a 1-week history of productive cough. She has pursed lip breathing. She is prescribed a bronchodilator as needed. Vital signs are BP 132/70, P 88, R 20 with Rhonchi. What should you suspect? A. Pulmonary embolism B. Epiglottitis C. Chronic Bronchitis D. Congestive Heart Failure - correct answer C. Chronic Bronchitis An anxious 32 year old female complains of chest pain with palpitations. She has a history of Graves' disease. She reports she was seen in the ED earlier that day and has a CT scan of her abdomen with IV contrast. She is diaphoretic and has a temperature of 101.5 F. Vital signs are 100/62 P 156 R30 BGL 133 mg/dL. What should you administer? A. Calcium Chloride B. Normal Saline C. Amiodarone D. Aspirin (ASA) - correct answer B. Normal Saline What statement is correct regarding responding to a suspected nerve agent exposure? A. Secondary contamination rarely occurs in nerve agent exposure B. Parking downwind will ensure first responder safety C. Patients should be treated in well-ventilated areas D. Nerve agents degrade immediately when exposed to sunlight. - correct answer C. Patients should be treated in well-ventilated areas. What reference is the MOST beneficial to obtain for a suspected stroke? A. Past Medical History B. Last Oral Intake C. Last Known Well D. Daily Aspirin Dose - correct answer C. Last Known Well Which of the following statements is correct regarding radioactive materials? A. Gamma rays are unable to penetrate bone and connective tissue B. Neutrons are low energy particles and do not cause bodily harm C. Alpha particles are harmless when ingested and inhaled D. Simple clothing can stop beta particles from entering the body - correct answer D. Simple clothing can stop beta particles from entering the body What finding is unique to pericarditis? A. Diffuse ST segment elevation B. Pain is relieved when supine C. S3 gallop is auscultated D. Pulses alternans is present - correct answer A. Diffuse ST segment elevation A 21-year old male complains of sharp chest pain and shortness of breath. The symptoms started when he lifted a heavy object. Vital signs are BP 152/96 P 108 R 24 and diminished on the left. What should you suspect? A. Spontaneous Pneumothorax B. Pectoralis muscle tear C. Aortic Dissection D. Pulmonary Embolism - correct answer A. Spontaneous Pneumothorax A 72- year old female complains of a sudden onset of a burning sensation to the left side of her forehead and blurred vision. She wants to follow up with her family physician tomorrow. Vital signs are BP 150/70 P 80 R 16 What should you do? - correct answer B. Encourage her to be transported by ambulance to the hospital An anxious 61-year old male complains of severe shortness of breath and localized chest pain with blood-tinged sputum. His dyspnea started when he stood up from watching television all day and increased in severity as he moved around. Vital signs are BP 104/60 P 98 and irregular R 26 and labored. What should you suspect? - correct answer B. Pulmonary Embolism Anaphylaxis is most commonly associated with which physiological event? - correct answer C. Vasodilation A confused 67 year old male has vomited multiple times prior to EMS arrival. He was involved in a car crash 48 hours prior. Bystanders state he became increasingly confused and lost coordination since the crash. Vital signs are BP 150/88 P 72 R 16 BGL 92 mg/dL. What should you suspect? - correct answer D. Subdural hematoma What condition causes paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea? - correct answer B. Left-sided heart failure What is the initial treatment for a patient experiencing hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state? - correct answer B. Normal Saline An 18 year old male nearly drowned at a local lake after treading water for 25 minutes. He is shivering uncontrollably and complains of nausea and weakness. Vital signs are BP 122/62 R 28 P 136 and a temp of 93.2 F. What should you suspect? - correct answer A. Mild Hypothermia A 45 year old male complains of shortness of breath. He has a history of alcohol abuse and presents with severe ascites. Vitals are BP 142/78 P 104 R 24 with crackles. What should you suspect? - correct answer C. Liver failure A 22 year old male has recently undergone a surgical procedure to repair an injury to thoracic vertabrae T1-T2. Assessment indicates the patient is alert and oriented, bradycardic, hypotensive and has warm, dry skin. Which type of shock is most likely occurring? - correct answer D. Neurogenic It is 0600 hours and you are treating a 63 year old female with slurred speech, facial droop, and altered mental status. At 0400 hours her husband heard her go to the bathroom. At 2300 hours they went to bed and everything was "fine". How should you report the last time she was known normal? - correct answer B 2300 hrs Continuous positive airway pressure would be most beneficial in treating which of the following patients? - correct answer B. 22 year old with severe asthma that is unresponsive to albuterol treatments A 27 year old male is breathing fast and deep. he works at a preschool and believes the children plan to harm him. Which of the following statements is most helpful when treating the patient? - correct answer C. I understand that you are concerned. Please tell me more about why you feel this way. A 15 year old male complains of lower abdominal pain with nausea. He is in the fetal position and states, "It hurts to walk" What should you suspect. - correct answer B. Appendicitis A 26 year old male has abdominal pain. He is stable to pinpoint exactly where it hurts, experiences rebound tenderness on physical exam, and guards the affected area. Which type of pain should you suspect? - correct answer D. Somatic A 52 year old male is suffering from acute chest pain after physical exercises. He is pale , cool, clammy. Vital signs are BP 88/40 P 110 R 22 SpO2 96% What should you do? - correct answer D. Acquire a 12-lead ECG An elderly patient has COPD. What clinical finding should concern you the most? - correct answer D. Respiratory Rate of 36 /min Metabolic acidosis is best described by which arterial blood gas results? - correct answer B. pH decreases, Pco2 decreased , H2CO3 low What type of shock is caused by a cardiac tamponade? - correct answer B. Obstructive A 41 year old female has returned from missionary work in South Africa. She reports night sweats, chest discomfort, and a persistent cough for the past several weeks. What should you suspect? - correct answer A. Tuberculosis What respiratory changes are common in obese patients? - correct answer B. Decreased Tidal Volume A 30 year old female complains of acute chest tightness, shortness of breath, and a nonproductive cough. She states that this happens frequently and usually resolves after using her "inhaler". What should you suspect? - correct answer D. Asthma A 44-year old female complains of a sudden onset of sharp pain in her right flank that radiates to her groin area. Intermittently the pain becomes very severe. She also reports nausea. Vital signs are BP 152/94 P 104 R 16 SpO2 96%. What is the most likely cause? - correct answer A. Kidney Stones A 13 year old male has been skateboarding in temperatures of 100F and has been drinking caffeinated soft drinks. He complains of palpitations. The cardiac monitor displays a narrow QRS tachycardia at a rate of 150 bpm. BP 108/62 R 24. What should you do? - correct answer D. Transport the patient by ambulance, monitor closely, and administer fluids en route An 82 year old female complains of foul-smelling diarrhea, abdominal cramping, and loss of appetite. She developed an infection following knee surgery 2 weeks ago. She is prescribed antibiotics. What should you suspect? - correct answer C. Clostridium difficile An 62 year old female presents with severe nausea and blurred vision that began while watching TV. She describes the headache as the worst headache she has ever had in her life. Vital signs are BP 194/110 P 98 R 20 What should you suspect? - correct answer C. Subarachnoid hemorrhage A 33 year old female is threatening suicide because her partner left her. Which of the following would be an appropriate response? - correct answer C. What was your plan to kill yourself? A 71 year old female complains of shortness of breath. She has a productive cough that has increased in severity over the last week. She speaks in 1- to 2- word broken sentences with pursed lips. What should you suspect? - correct answer B. COPD What is an age related change that increases the risk of respiratory compromise? - correct answer A. Decrease in lung compliance A 45 year old female is supine on the floor. Her pupils are pinpoint, and she has vomitus in and around her mouth. Vital signs are P 48 R 8 with gurgling. What should you do? - correct answer A. Suction the airway A 68 year old female who has a history of COPD may rely on which of the following breathing mechanics? - correct answer D. A decrease in the oxygen level in the blood as the stimulus to breathe Which of the following is a hallmark sign of tricyclic antidepressant toxicity? - correct answer A. Dysrhythmias An alert 22 year old male complains of a "lump in his throat" and a hoarse voice after a failed suicide attempt. he unsuccessfully attempted to hang himself with a bed sheet. Vital signs are BP 150/80 P 120 R 16 SpO2 96% ETCO2 40 mmHg. What should you do? - correct answer B. Administer Oxygen and transport to a trauma center A 45 year old female reports a headache, vertigo, and leg cramps after exercising. Vital signs are BP 108/62 P 124 R 18 Temp 100.6F and SpO2 98%. What should you do? - correct answer C. Provide Oral fluid replacement A 60 year old female complains of indigestion and mild upper abdominal discomfort. What should you do? - correct answer A. Acquire a 12-lead and transport to a cardiac center A 49 year old male presents in a tripod position with audible stridor and marked respiratory distress. His skin is flushed, and her complaint is dysphagia. What should you do? - correct answer B. Epiglottitis A patient complains of nausea and is passing black, tarry stools. What should you suspect? - correct answer D. Upper GI bleeding An alert 49 year old male complains of headache. He has tremors in his hands and has been in the detoxification unit for 36 hours. He has a history of alcoholism. Vital signs are BP 168/96 P 104 R 22. What is he most at risk for? - correct answer D. Seizure A 27 year old male is agitated and talks continuously. His pupils are dilated. He admits to being awake for 36 hours straight. Vital signs are BP 188/98 P 140 R 30. What type of overdose should you suspect? - correct answer D. bath salts