Cardiovascular System EXAM QUALIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+

Cardiovascular System EXAM QUALIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ What is the function of the cardiovascular system? - ANSWER - Transportation About how much does the heart weigh and what is it's size? - ANSWER - Less than a pound and the size of a fist Mediastinum - ANSWER - Space between the lungs where the heart lies Apex - ANSWER - The pointed end of the heart that rests on the diaphragm (it is directed toward the left hip) Base - ANSWER - Top part of the heart that is broad Pericardium - ANSWER - Double-walled sac that the heart sits in and contains serous fluid between the layers to prevent friction Pericarditis - ANSWER - Inflammation of the pericardium that results in the decrease in the serous fluid What are the 3 layers of the heart wall? - ANSWER - 1. Epicardium 2. Myocardium 3. Endocardium Endocardium - ANSWER - A thin sheet of endothelium that lines the heart chambers, it is continuous with the linings of the blood vessels (innermost layer of the heart wall) How many hollow chambers does the heart has? - ANSWER - 4 Atria - ANSWER - Receiving chambers, blood comes into the heart Where are the atria located? - ANSWER - Superior Ventricles - ANSWER - Bottom chambers that send out blood Interatrial or intraventricular septum - ANSWER - Divides the heart longitudinally Which side of the heart receives oxygen-poor blood from the veins? - ANSWER - The Right Side Superior and Inferior Venae Cavae - ANSWER - The veins that bring in blood from the upper and lower parts of the body to the heart Pulmonary Arteries - ANSWER - Carry blood to the lungs where oxygen is picked up and carbon dioxide is unloaded. (Takes blood to the lungs) Pulmonary Vein - ANSWER - Vein that brings blood back from the lungs to the heart Aorta - ANSWER - the largest artery in the body that sends out oxygenated blood to the body How many valves are contained within the heart? - ANSWER - 4 What is the purpose of the valves? - ANSWER - Allows blood to flow in only one direction through the heart chambers (from the atria through the ventricles)