Biochemistry Lecture Notes {Questions with complete solutions}

The Structure of Amino Acids correct answers Amino group, carboxyl group, and R group attached to alpha carbon What is the carbon attached to the amino group, carboxyl group, and R group? correct answers Alpha carbon What are the carbons after the alpha carbon? (in the correct order away from the alpha) correct answers Beta, gamma, delta What is the pI? correct answers Isoelectric point of the Amino Acid titration curve What is the point of the Amino Acid curve? correct answers To take the pK of the basic amino acid, and take the pK of the acidic amino acid and see the isoelectric point in the curve. What is a peptide bond? correct answers When two amino acids come together in a condensation reaction. Where is the N-terminus and C-terminus correct answers N-terminus is the left, or beginning while C-terminus is the right, or ending. How much percentage does the peptide bond have as a double bond characteristics and how is it similar? correct answers 40%, and planar What does the Ramachandran Diagram illustrate? correct answers That because the peptide bonds have certain bone angles depending on each protein, due to different amino acids, ALL proteins have defined secondary structure that are determined by the bond angles. What is the isoelectric point? correct answers the pH at which the molecule has no particular net charge What is the importance of the correct primary structure of a protein? correct answers the sequence of AA determines structure of proteins and then determines function What AA do you normally see outside the boundaries of the Ramachandran Diagram? correct answers Glycine Who found the secondary structure alpha helix? correct answers Pauling and Corey What was an interesting fact Pauling and Corey found about the alpha helix structure? correct answers the carbonyl group on residue 1 was hydrogen bonded with the free hydrogen on residue 4. Each hydrogen bond is 4 amino acids apart. This causes the rotation. What is experimental evidence for the alpha helices? correct answers Porcupine quills and human hair have mainly alpha helices