HDFS 320 Exam 1 Questions with Verified Answers

nature vs. nurture - ANSWER-genetics vs. environment genetic information - ANSWER-resides in the nucleus of our cells total number of chromosomes - ANSWER-46 chromosomes total pairs of chromosomes - ANSWER-23 pairs of chromosomes chromosomes - ANSWER-made up of coils of DNA genes - ANSWER-segments of DNA; determine what proteins form and how mitosis - ANSWER-how cells duplicate; DNA helix breaks apart and bases find new partners; two identical copies are made gametes - ANSWER-sex cells; ova and sperm; each have only 23 total chromosomes meiosis - ANSWER-how sex cells are formed; only one pair of chromosomes in each cell karyotype analysis - ANSWER-ordered "picture" of chromosome pairs autosomes - ANSWER-chromosome pairs 1-22 sex chromosome - ANSWER-23rd pair alleles - ANSWER-genes located at same place on corresponding chromosome pairs; each parent contributes one homozygous - ANSWER-alleles are the same heterozygous - ANSWER-alleles are different genotype - ANSWER-genetic code phenotype - ANSWER-physical trait; expression of the genotype dominant-recessive inheritance - ANSWER-when heterozygous, only one allele needed to affect phenotype examples of dominant traits - ANSWER-dimples, curly hair, dark hair, farsightedness