Abdomen Physical Exam (Bates) Questions and Answers | 100% Correct!!

Abdomen Physical Exam (Bates) Questions and Answers | 100% Correct!! When divided into 9 sections, what are the midline 3 sections called? (from top to bottom) -Answer-Epigastric, Umbilical, Hypogastric (or suprapubic) What structures are not usually palpable? -Answer-Most of liver, gallbladder, stomach, pancreas, appendix What structure is commonly misidentified as a tumor in the epigastrium? -Answer- xiphoid process Where is the abdominal aorta usually palpable? -Answer-Epigastrium What quadrant is the spleen located in? -Answer-Left upper quadrant Describe location of spleen -Answer-Lateral to and behind the stomach, just above left kidney (in midaxillary line) What ribs protect most of the spleen? -Answer-9th, 10th, 11th ribs What is palpable in lower left quadrant? -Answer-Descending and sigmoid colon What structure is commonly mistake for a tumor in the hypogastrium? -Answer-S1 vertebra Where is a distended bladder palpable? -Answer-Above pubis symphysis How much volume does the bladder usually hold? -Answer-~300mL What structures support the bladder and proximal urethra in a female? -Answer-Pelvic muscles and ligaments (required to maintain proper anatomic relations) What mechanism controls infantile bladder voiding? -Answer-reflex mechanisms in sacral spinal cord How do you assess the integrity of sacral nerves that innervate the bladder? -Answer- Perirectal and perineal sensation in S2, S3, S4 dermatomes. What forms the costovertebral angle? -Answer-lower border of 12th rib and transverse process of upper lumbar vertebrae Where do you examine for kidney tenderness? -Answer-Costovertebral angle How should the patient be draped for abdominal exam? -Answer-exposure of the abdomen from just above xiphoid process to the pubis symphysis Where should the patients arms be placed during an abdominal exam? -Answer-arms folded across chest or at sides Why can't a patient have their arms above their head during an abdominal exam? - Answer-Causes stretching and tightening of abdominal wall, making palpation difficult How can we reduce exam complications due to an excessively ticklish patient? - Answer-Start palpations with patient's hand under yours... then slip your hand underneath to palpate directly What is the order of the 4 major components of abdominal exam? -Answer-Inspection, auscultation, percussion, and palpation When we start inspection of a patient, where should w