Key Terms - Unit 1: Foundations of American Democracy with complete solutions

Natural Rights correct answersrights that people supposedly have under natural law; in the Declaration of Independence the rights are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness Limited Government correct answersthe government is empowered by law from a starting point of having no power, or where governmental power is restricted by law (usually in a constitution) Popular Sovereignty correct answersa doctrine or belief that government is created by and subject to the will of the people Republicanism correct answersa political ideology of governing a nation as a republic with an emphasis on liberty and the civic virtue practised by citizens Social Contract Theory correct answersin political philosophy, a compact or agreement between the ruled and the rulers, defining their rights and their duties Hobbes correct answersEnglish maternalist and political philosopher who advocated absolute sovereignty as the only kind of government that could resolve problems caused by the selfishness of human beings Locke correct answersEnglish philosopher and physician, widely known as one of the most influential Enlightenment thinkers and commonly known as the "Father of Liberalism"; discussed concept of empiricism in his Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690); influenced political thought with his Two Treatises on Government (1690), in which he sanctioned the right to revolt