BIOD 121 MODULE 6 PRACTICE TEST EXAM 2023/2024

BIOD 121 MODULE 6 PRACTICE TEST EXAM 2023/2024 Healthy pregnancy - CORRECT ANSWER-adequate intake of vitamins and minerals healthy body weight controlling existing health conditions avoidance of teratogens Teratogens - CORRECT ANSWER-compounds that can increase the risk of a birth defect caffeine, drugs, alcohol, and tobacco. Tobacco: miscarriage, stillbirth, preterm delivery, and low birth weight infants alcohol: FAS, physical and mental disabilities and growth retardation drugs: low birth weight, preterm delivery, miscarriage, birth defects, and infant addiction. Blastogenic stage - CORRECT ANSWER-(Day 1 to 14): A period of rapid cell division Day 14: An embryo is formed. Embryonic stage - CORRECT ANSWER-(Week 2 to 8): The organ system develops. Week 5: The heart begins to beat. Week 8: The embryo is now known as a fetus. Fetal Stage - CORRECT ANSWER-(Week 9 to 40): Period of continual growth and development zygote - CORRECT ANSWER-formed from combination of egg and sperm placenta - CORRECT ANSWER-provides oxygen and nutrients from the mother's blood to the fetus and also allows for the transfer of waste from the fetus and into the mother's system for excretion first trimester - CORRECT ANSWER-exposure to toxins and inadequate nutrient intake can have an adverse effect on the fetus quality of the mother's diet is more important than the quantity second trimester - CORRECT ANSWER-development of the hands, feet, arms, and legs occurs, and the fetus begins to resemble a baby physiological changes to mom's body in order to support the pregnancy and prepare for birth. third trimester - CORRECT ANSWER-fetus will double in length and will increase weight to approximately 7 to 9 pounds. low birth weight (LBW) - CORRECT ANSWER-a birth weight of less than 5.5 pounds small for gestational age (SGA) - CORRECT ANSWER-an infant small in size, measured relative to its gestational stage calorie during pregnancy - CORRECT ANSWER-quality more important than quantity need for certain nutrients increase by 50% during pregnancy. calorie needs during the second and third trimester only increases by approximately 20%. adequate weight gain - CORRECT ANSWER-25-35 pounds total 1-4 pounds during the first trimester and then approximately 1 pound per week during the remainder of the pregnancy. Underweight: 28 to 40 pounds Normal: 25 to 35 pounds Overweight: 15 to 25 pounds Obese: 11 to 20 pounds increased protein/carbohydrate needs - CORRECT ANSWER-Pregnant moms require an additional 25 grams protein per day above RDA inadequate carbs --> ketones, harmful to fetal brain