Criminal Justice in Canada 6th Edition – Test Bank

Criminal Justice in Canada 6th Edition – Test Bank CHAPTER 1: AN OVERVIEW OF THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. While most Canadians say they support a “tough on crime” approach, what do they feel is the most appropriate approach to reduce crime? a. shorter punishments for all offenders except for those convicted of a violent offence b. an increase in the number of community sanctions available to judges. c. longer prison terms for violent offenders. d. an increase in the number of prisons across Canada. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 2 BLM: UNDERSTAND 2. While most Canadians indicate they support a “tough on crime” approach, how do they feel governments should best fight crime? a. the introduction of more crime prevention programs. b. hire more police officers in order to detect more crimes. c. increase the number of prisons across Canada. d. increase the length of punishment for serious offenders. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 2 BLM: UNDERSTAND 3. What is meant by conservatives when they say it is time to be “Right on Crime”? a. increasing the number of individuals who are incarcerated to make society safer. b. introducing more cost-effective approaches that better protect the public. c. introducing more punishments that are deterrence-based in order to better protect t d. decreasing the amount of community programs for substance abusers. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 3 BLM: UNDERSTAND 4. In recent years the crime rate has decreased in the United States. Which of the following is a reason why this has happened according to researchers? a. increasing the number of judges so more criminal cases can be processed. b. introducing reforms to make criminal cases more efficient. c. an increase in the number of state and federal prisons. d. an increase in the number of police per capita. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 3 BLM: UNDERSTAND 5. What term commonly refers to how a society organizes its’ reaction to problematic behaviour? a. social control b. civil law c. criminal behaviour d. criminal law ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 4 BLM: REMEMBER 6. According to the text, what is the objective of social control in a society? a. to build more correctional facilities b. to create more laws in our society c. to control behaviour viewed as criminal in some way d. to spend more money to increase the size of the criminal justice system ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 4 BLM: REMEMBER 7. Why does crime largely define society? a. It mediates legality. b. It mediates institutions. c. It mediates security. d. It mediates honesty. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 4 BLM: REMEMBER 8. Joanne is convicted of her third break and entering offense in the past 2 years. At her sentencing hearing, the Crown prosecutor focuses her argument upon what the length of the sentence should be, while the defense attorney looks specifically at her addiction and poor family environment and requests that his client be given probation so she can attend counselling in the community. What is the Crown prosecutor ignoring in her presentation? a. the social context of Joanne`s behavior. b. the legal context of Joanne`s criminal activities. c. the ‘black-letter’ definition of crime. d. the appropriate sentence of incarceration for Joanne. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 4-5 BLM: APPLY 9. As a result of an increase in the number of stabbings, criminal justice personnel decided to charge everyone involved in such crimes, eliminate plea bargains, and hand out lengthier punishments when an individual was convicted of such crimes. This type of approach represents which definition of crime? a. the ‘`black-letter’ definition of crime. b. the social definition of crime. c. the normative definition of crime. d. the social constructionist definition of crime. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 5 BLM: APPLY 10. Which of the following ideas is the basis for the belief that disorderly conduct should be a crime? a. Crime is a violation of the ‘black letter’ of the law. b. Crime is a violation of normative decision-making. c. Crime is a violation of the social contract. d. Crime is a violation of the criminal law. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 5 BLM: REMEMBER 11. Which definition of crime views crime as behaviour that violates social norms? a. social constructionism b. modified legalistic c. social d. legalistic ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 5 BLM: REMEMBER 12. What is it called when a terminally ill individual who is near death requests a health professional to withhold life-sustaining support? a. active euthanasia. b. involuntary euthanasia. c. passive euthanasia. d. assisted suicide. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 6 BLM: UNDERSTAND 13. When Jason is incompetent and his family members decide that his life should be terminated despite the fact that he cannot give his consent. What type of euthanasia is this called? a. passive euthanasia. b. nonvoluntary euthanasia. c. involuntary euthanasia.