COM4806 ASSIGNMENT 3 PORTFOLIO EXAM NEW (DUE 2024 SOLUTIONS)

COM4806 ASSIGNMENT 3 PORTFOLIO EXAM NEW (DUE 2024 SOLUTIONS) QUESTIONS ASKED: SECTIONS SUB-SECTIONS/CONTENT CRITERIA EXAMPLE 1 – PUBLIC RELATIONS/NPO/DONOR FUNDING 1 INTRODUCTION AND TOPIC (Heading can be just INTRODUCTION) Introduce the proposal as examination proposal for COM4806 State your topic, field and organisation briefly or give a short summary of your study Provide a short overview of the content to follow You could refer to the module aims/purpose/outcomes You could refer to the task of Assignment 03 or the learning objectives of Assignment 03 The use of social media in fundraising efforts by NPO Urban Crop Community Indicate the main sections or the general flow of the proposal that follows 2 DISCIPLINARY CONTEXTUALISATION 2.1 Organisational Communication Introduce Organisational Communication as a discipline Organisational Communication as a discipline with various fields of discipline, including Public Relations 2.2 Field of Specialisation/Domain of practice (Heading ideally the name of the field/domain) State your field/domain and sub-field/subdomain if applicable and briefly outline the field Public Relations as the field Define the field of Public Relations as per PRISA’s definition Briefly expand on the field by covering some of the practices, maybe basic history, maybe sub-fields Fundraising/Donor relations (could be seen as a sub-field of PR because PR is about the management of strategic relationships – among other things) and donors are a strategic stakeholder group for NPOs. 2.3 (Topic) in the context of (Field) (Heading customised) Place your topic into the field/domain How fundraising and donor communication can be seen as part of Public Relations as a field How social media (specifically Facebook and Instagram for example) can be seen as emerging channels or platforms of communication between organisations and their stakeholders 3 ORGANISATIONAL CONTEXTUALISATION 3.1 Bigger organisational environment (Heading ideally the name of the industry or so) Shortly outline the industry/sector/geo-location (whichever is relevant) of the organisation Urban Crop Community as an NPO that works with sustainable vegetable growing projects, the sector is the social/civil society sector or development sector, the industry is the agricultural industry. Further organisational context could include NPOs as organisations, the organisation of community initiatives, food security etc. 3.2 Overview of the organisation (Heading mentions the name of the organisation) Give a short overview of the organisation that can serve as background information (focus on relevant information) Cover basics about the organisation – location of head offices, main projects, a bit of history maybe (brief) Since the topic is on PR give context relevant to PR and to fundraising – who are their stakeholders, where do they get their money from, how do they communicate with stakeholders (only briefly) 3.3 (Topic) in context of (Organisation/Environment/Industry) (Heading customised) Place the topic into the organisational context For Urban Crop Community as an NPO fundraising is a crucial part of their PRefforts and research on the topic is relevant and important to sustainability and growth in this industry 4 RESEARCH PROBLEM 4.1 Problem statement Give the formal problem statement based on the criteria as in TL101 A mixed-methods cross-sectional description of the use of social media by NPOs to increase donor funding and maintain donor relationships: The case of Urban Crop Community 4.2 Sub-problems/ Research questions (Heading only the relevant terms) Provide 2-4 sub-problems/research questions/hypotheses (depending on which would be suited) This proposed study is guided by a pair of hypotheses and two research questions. Hypotheses: Ha: There is a positive relationship between the introduction of social media and donor income H0: There is no relationship between the introduction of social media and donor income Research Questions: 1. How did Urban Crop Community approach the introduction of social media to their PR-activities? 2. How do individual donors perceive the use of social media as introduced by Urban Crop Community? 4.3 Research objectives State the objectives and discuss shortly Primary objective: Descriptive Expand on what a ‘descriptive objective’ is and why it is suitable here 5 PARADIGMATIC POSITION (Heading can be the name of the position) State the paradigmatic position that underpins the study Expand on the ontological, epistemological, methodological assumptions Link paradigmatic position to research design, approach, methods Position: Pragmatism Outline the position and motivate the reason for taking this position Declare the ontological, epistemological, and methodological assumptions associated with Pragmatism relevant and applied to the context of this specific study Fundraising is a very real and very important function in NPOs and making improvements and findings solutions in this area necessary for their survival and sustainability Through a mixed-methods approach a holistic understanding of the research issue can be gained while the specific research methods (quantitative document/content analysis and qualitative in-depth interviews) are deemed best suited for the practical investigation of this issue - impressions of donors and NPO-staff is central to understanding the use of social media. To establish whether or not social media is related to higher donor income is mainly used to supplement understanding. 6 METHODOLOGY 6.1 Research approach (Heading ideally the label of the approach) State your research approach and motivate shortly Mixed-methods study. Both qualitative and quantitative methodologies (but not triangulation as the different methods are used for different aspects of the research problem and are used to complement each other) 6.2 Research design (Heading ideally the name of the design) State your research design – specific type design and/or an outline of the methodological decisions and motivations Case study design. One organisation is selected. 6.3 (Method 1) (Heading should be the actual method) 6.3.1 Population 6.3.2 Sampling 6.3.3 Data-collection 6.3.4 Data-analysis Identify the specific methods and discuss the population, sampling, data-collection, and dataanalysis for each method identified in the style and detail required for that specific method Method 1: Quantitative document analysis Quantitative analysis (including correlation calculations) between financial records (donor income per month) and the reported inception date of social media use Population: Financial records for the years spanning 2 years before and all the years since the initiation of social media as communication channel Sample: No sample drawn, census of all relevant financial records Data-collection: Process of getting access, format of documentation, specific details included for analysis (donor income per year as the most important figures) Data-analysis: Quantitative content analysis and correlation calculations. SPSS used for statistical analysis 6.4 (Method 2) (Heading should be the actual methods) 6.4.1 Population 6.4.2 Sampling 6.4.3 Data-collection 6.4.4 Data-analysis Identify the specific methods and discuss the population, sampling, data-collection, and dataanalysis for each method identified in the style and detail required for that specific method Method 2: Partially structured interviews Qualitative partially structured interviews with both staff members and individual donors Populations: 2 populations – staff and donor Staff population: All the staff members involved in social media communication. Population size 6 Donor population: All the donors of Urban Crop Community. Population size 15 Staff sample: Purposive sample in order to ensure the inclusion of the most relevant staff members. Sample size 5 Donor population: Purposive sample in order to include biggest donor as well as a range of smaller donors. Sample size 5 Data-collection: All interviews will be conducted face-to-face in locations most comfortable for the individual participants Two interview schedules will be designed – one for donors to ascertain their perception of social media use by Urban Crop Community and one for staff to ascertain how the introduction of social media was approached Data-analysis: Nvivo assisted analysis, qualitative content analysis for interview data (More sub-sections if you have more methods) Identify the specific methods and discuss the population, sampling, data-collection, and dataanalysis for each method identified in the style and detail required for that specific method N/A 7 CONCLUSION Conclude briefly SECTIONS SUB-SECTIONS/CONTENT CRITERIA EXAMPLE 2 – DECOLONIAL CRITIQUE/CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY/EMPLOYEE RELATIONS 1 INTRODUCTION AND TOPIC (Heading can be just INTRODUCTION) Introduce the proposal as examination proposal for COM4806 State your topic, field, and organisation briefly or give a short summary of your research problem Provide a short overview of the content to follow You could refer to the module aims/purpose/outcomes You could refer to the task of Assignment 03 or the learning objectives of Assignment 03 A decolonial critical analysis of employee relationships in the construction industry Indicate the main sections or the general flow of the proposal that follows 2 DISCIPLINARY CONTEXTUALISATION 2.1 Organisational Communication Introduce Organisational Communication as a discipline Organisational Communication as a discipline with various fields of discipline and topics/areas of interest – stakeholder relationships and employee communication 2.2 Field of Specialisation/Domain of practice (Heading ideally the name of the field/domain) State your field/domain and sub-field/subdomain if applicable and briefly outline the field Internal communication can be seen as a field Internal communication, employee relationships, stakeholder relationships are related areas of interest 2.3 (Topic) in the context of (Field) (Heading customised) Place your topic into the field/domain Decoloniality and the coloniality of power, being, knowing Coloniality still underpins everyday relationships between people making for racist organisational cultures that still privilege whiteness and eurowestern ways. A decolonial critique on relationships between stakeholders represent an important step in transforming organisational communication as a discipline and as a profession 3 ORGANISATIONAL CONTEXTUALISATION 3.1 Bigger organisational environment (Heading ideally the name of the industry or so) Shortly outline the industry/sector/geo-location (whichever is relevant) of the organisation Discussion of only the industry would be more suited here – it is an ‘organisational’ study, but rather than focusing on one organisation the whole industry is included. Construction industry in the economy of South Africa Racist, oppressive history of the industry Employee, worker, union problems in the industry 3.2 Overview of the organisation (Heading mentions the name of the organisation) Give a short overview of the organisation that can serve as background information (focus on relevant information) Not only one organisation, so this section can be left out If you want to choose a number of specific organisations – maybe 3 – you can shortly describe the three organisations. 3.3 (Topic) in context of (Organisation/Environment/Industry) (Heading customised) Place the topic into the organisational context Construction industry is central to South African economy and entrenched in our history However, this industry is still marred by racists organisational cultures that further marginalisation and oppression of black workers. 4 RESEARCH PROBLEM 4.1 Problem statement Give the formal problem statement based on the criteria as in TL101 A decolonial critique of internal stakeholder relations in the construction industry using conceptual arguments and data collected through storytelling. 4.2 Sub-problems/ Research questions (Heading only the relevant terms) Provide 2-4 sub-problems/research questions/hypotheses (depending on which would be suited) Research Questions: 1. Conceptually, how should decoloniality be understood and implemented in internal organisational communication the construction industry? 2. How do people in the industry experience internal stakeholder relationships in construction companies? 3. To what extent are our colonial/apartheid past present in internal relations in the construction industry? 4. What can South African construction companies do to transform and ensure a respectful, equitable, decolonial future? 4.3 Research objectives State the objectives and discuss shortly Primary objective: Critique/Exploratory Expand on ‘critique’ as part of decolonial research Expand on what ‘explore’ as an objective means 5 PARADIGMATIC POSITION (Heading can be the name of the position) State the paradigmatic position that underpins the study Expand on the ontological, epistemological, methodological assumptions Link paradigmatic position to research design, approach, methods Position: Decoloniality Outline the position and motivate the reason for taking this position Decoloniality, but drawing on a critical approach – discuss the assumptions in a way that highlights the critical components or that combines ideas from the transformative paradigm and the decolonial paradigm Decolonial Theory argues for Africanisation of an attempt to de-link from Western ideologies that had dominated and distorted African ways of seeing, thinking and knowing. Critique of eurowestern and racists practices is part of such an effort. 6 METHODOLOGY 6.1 Research approach (Heading ideally the label of the approach) State your research approach and motivate shortly Qualitative, but disobedient to some extent. Not all expected methodological ‘rules’ respected – conceptual arguments and conceptual critique are integrated with empirical work in a ‘freer’ way without the constraints of methodological rules and expectations. 6.2 Research design (Heading ideally the name of the design) Approach and Design are one discussion – this section can be integrated with ‘approach’ State your research design – specific type design and/or an outline of the methodological decisions and motivations If you choose three specific organisations, the design should be indicated as a multiple-case study design 6.3 (Method 1) (Heading should be the actual method) 6.3.1 Population 6.3.2 Sampling 6.3.3 Data-collection 6.3.4 Data-analysis Identify the specific methods and discuss the population, sampling, data-collection, and dataanalysis for each method identified in the style and detail required for that specific method Method 1: Storytelling Storytelling-style interviews, but participants will specifically be encouraged to be critical Population: All people working in the construction industry – number and details as per StatsSA Sample: Snowball sample drawn to reach employees in the industry until saturation is reached. Size not determined Data-collection: Interview-schedule with small number of core questions, but mostly unstructured storytelling Data-analysis: Narrative analysis with critical conceptual interpretation/arguments integrated 6.4 (Method 2) (Heading should be the actual methods) 6.4.1 Population 6.4.2 Sampling 6.4.3 Data-collection 6.4.4 Data-analysis Identify the specific methods and discuss the population, sampling, data-collection, and dataanalysis for each method identified in the style and detail required for that specific method N/A (More sub-sections if you have more methods) Identify the specific methods and discuss the population, sampling, data-collection, and dataanalysis for each method identified in the style and detail required for that specific method N/A 7 CONCLUSION Conclude briefly SECTIONS SUB-SECTIONS/CONTENT CRITERIA EXAMPLE 3 – BLACK TWITTER/BRANDING COMMUNICATION/ABSA 1 INTRODUCTION AND TOPIC (Heading can be just INTRODUCTION) Introduce the proposal as examination proposal for COM4806 State your topic, field and organisation briefly or give a short summary of your research problem Provide a short overview of the content to follow You could refer to the module aims/purpose/outcomes You could refer to the task of Assignment 03 or the learning objectives of Assignment 03 Twitter (specifically the Black Twitter subculture) as a form of customer feedback Indicate the main sections or the general flow of the proposal that follows 2 DISCIPLINARY CONTEXTUALISATION 2.1 Organisational Communication Introduce Organisational Communication as a discipline Organisational Communication as a discipline with various fields of discipline and topics/areas of interest – identify branding communications and customer relations as part of it 2.2 Field of Specialisation/Domain of practice (Heading ideally the name of the field/domain) State your field/domain and sub-field/subdomain if applicable and briefly outline the field Discuss branding (could be field/domain), social media branding (could be subfield/sub-domain) as used by organisations and their customers, social media for customer feedback, customer relationships shortly 2.3 (Topic) in the context of (Field) (Heading customised) Place your topic into the field/domain Feedback from customers, customer perceptions and so on are important for organisations to inform their communication efforts and brand strategies It is also important to focus on those platforms and channels where the customers are and keep up to date with current day social media – Black Twitter an important space in the South African context 3 ORGANISATIONAL CONTEXTUALISATION 3.1 Bigger organisational environment (Heading ideally the name of the industry or so) Shortly outline the industry/sector/geo-location (whichever is relevant) of the organisation Financial services industry in South Africa. 3.2 Overview of the organisation (Heading mentions the name of the organisation) Give a short overview of the organisation that can serve as background information (focus on relevant information) Absa bank Africanacity Campaign as a rebranding effort Short history of Absa, well-known communication efforts by Absa in the recent past Well-known communication issues of the recent past 3.3 (Topic) in context of (Organisation/Environment/Industry) (Heading customised) Place the topic into the organisational context Africanacity campaign info, reception, critique – shortly Good example of customer feedback through emerging channels 4 RESEARCH PROBLEM 4.1 Problem statement Give the formal problem statement based on the criteria as in TL101 A qualitative analysis of brand messaging and Black Twitter discourses relating to the Africanacity campaign of Absa in order to describe the campaign and resulting customer perceptions and explore social media (Twitter specifically) as a form of customer feedback. 4.2 Sub-problems/ Research questions (Heading only the relevant terms) Provide 2-4 sub-problems/research questions/hypotheses (depending on which would be suited) Research Questions: 1. What did the Africanacity campaign of Absa bank entail? 2. How was the Africanacity campaign received by the Twitter-community, specifically South African Black Twitter? 3. Which customer perceptions are revealed in Twitter discourses relating to the Africanacity campaign? 4. To what extent are the Twitter discourses customer feedback? 4.3 Research objectives State the objectives and discuss shortly Primary objective: Descriptive and exploratory Expand on what ‘describe’ as an objective means and discuss what will be described (campaign messaging and customer perceptions) Expand on what ‘explore’ as an objective means and discuss what will be explored (Twitter as customer feedback) 5 PARADIGMATIC POSITION (Heading can be the name of the position) State the paradigmatic position that underpins the study Expand on the ontological, epistemological, methodological assumptions Link paradigmatic position to research design, approach, methods Position: Interpretivism Outline the position and motivate the reason for taking this position Declare the ontological, epistemological, and methodological assumptions associated with Interpretivism relevant to this study Interpretivism is about understanding, subjective experiences, perceptions – link to the study in this way. 6 METHODOLOGY 6.1 Research approach (Heading ideally the label of the approach) State your research approach and motivate shortly Qualitative approach 6.2 Research design (Heading ideally the name of the design) State your research design – specific type design and/or an outline of the methodological decisions and motivations Case study design. One organisation and one campaign selected as a study case 6.3 (Method 1) (Heading should be the actual method) 6.3.1 Population Method 1: Qualitative content analysis Qualitative analysis of campaign messaging 6.3.2 Sampling 6.3.3 Data-collection 6.3.4 Data-analysis Identify the specific methods and discuss the population, sampling, data-collection, and dataanalysis for each method identified in the style and detail required for that specific method Population: All materials of the campaign itself as well as media coverage of the campaign Sampling: Purposive sampling - Africanacity website, linked campaign materials, news coverage of the campaign Data-collection: Access to campaign-materials? Researcher to search the internet for web-based campaign content and news coverage. Documents stored digitally for analysis. Data-analysis: Qualitative content analysis using both pre- and post-coded categories and a coding sheet. 6.4 (Method 2) (Heading should be the actual methods) 6.4.1 Population 6.4.2 Sampling 6.4.3 Data-collection 6.4.4 Data-analysis Identify the specific methods and discuss the population, sampling, data-collection, and dataanalysis for each method identified in the style and detail required for that specific method Method 2: Discourse analysis of tweets Population: All tweets and Twitter engagements surrounding the campaign Sampling: Purposive sampling - corpus created by collecting messages with #africanacity (and other #s that emerge as relevant) of July, August, September 2018 Data-collection: Sampled social media content stored digitally for analysis. Data-analysis: Pre- and post-coded keyword and thematic analysis to search for discursive patterns and conversations that reveal the Black Twitter community’s perceptions, impressions, critiques, praises for the campaign. (More sub-sections if you have more methods) Identify the specific methods and discuss the population, sampling, data-collection, and dataanalysis for each method identified in the style and detail required for that specific method N/A 7 CONCLUSION Conclude briefl