ABSC 160 Exam 1 Questions & Answers 100% Solved

social policy - Answer policies that are intended to promote the welfare of individuals in a society WIC - Answer stands for women, infants, and children; an example of social policy physical development - Answer biological changes that occur in the body and brain, including changes in size and strength, integration of sensory and motor activities, and development of fine and gross motor skills cognitive development - Answer changes in the way that children think, understand, and reason as they grow older social-emotional development - Answer changes in the ways that we connect to other individuals and express/understand emotions nature - Answer the influence of genetic inheritance on development nurture - Answer the influence of learning and the environment on children's development quantitative changes - Answer changes in the amount of what you are measuring qualitative changes - Answer changes in the overall nature of what you are examining stage theories - Answer theories of development in which each stage in life is seen as qualitatively different from the ones that come before and after incremental theories - Answer theories in which development is a result of continuous quantitative changes equifinality - Answer the principle by which different developmental pathways may result in the same outcome multifinality - Answer the principle by which the same pathways may lead to different developmental outcomes developmental psychopathology - Answer an approach that sees mental and behavioral problems as distortions of normal developmental processes rather than as illnesses niche-picking - Answer the process by which people express their genetic tendencies by finding environments that match and enhance those tendencies positive youth development - Answer an approach to finding ways to help all young people reach their full potential socialization - Answer the process of instilling the norms, attitudes, and beliefs of a culture in its children culture - Answer the system of behaviors, norms, beliefs, and traditions that form to promote the survival of a group that lives in a particular environmental niche socioeconomic status - Answer a person's social standing based on a combined measure of income, education, and occupation individualism - Answer the cultural value that emphasizes the importance of the individual with emphasis on independence and reliance on one's own abilities collectivism - Answer the cultural value that emphasizes obligations to others within your group peer review - Answer a process by which professional peers critique research and make suggestions for improvement prior to its publication or dissemination perceptual bias - Answer the tendency to see and understand something in the way you expect it to be developmental theory - Answer a model of development based on observations that allows us to make predictions psychoanalytic theory - Answer freud's theory in which the way we deal with biological urges moves us through a series of stages that shapes our personalities id - Answer the part of personality that consists of basic drives, such as sex and hunger pleasure principle - Answer the idea that the id seeks immediate gratification for all of its urges to feel pleasure ego - Answer part of the personality that contends with the reality of the world and controls basic drives reality principle - Answer the concept that the ego has the ability to deal with the real world and not just drives and fantasy superego - Answer freud's concept of the conscience or sense of knowing right and wrong unconscious mind - Answer the part of the mind that contains thoughts and feelings about which we are unaware psychosexual stages - Answer freud's idea that at each stage, sexual energy is invested in a different part of the body oral stage - Answer infant's sexual drive is centered around the mouth area anal stage - Answer toddler's sexual energy is focus on the anus phallic stage - Answer children 3-6 years overcome their attraction to the opposite-sex parent and begin to identify with the same-sex parent latency stage - Answer when children 6-12 have an "underground" sex drive genital stage - Answer those 12+ develop adult sexuality psychosocial stages - Answer erikson's 8 stages based on a central conflict to be resolved involving the social world and the development of identity behaviorism - Answer the theory developed by john b. watson that focuses on environmental control of observable behavior classical conditioning - Answer ivan pavlov _______ his dogs in order to get them to respond by salivation to his bell phobia - Answer an irrational fear of something specific that's so severe that it interferes with day-to-day functioning operant conditioning - Answer the process that happens when the response that follows a behavior causes that behavior to happen more