Macromolecules Latest Update Graded A

Macromolecules Latest Update Graded A carbohydrate subunit 1C:2H:1O protein subunit amino acids held together by peptide bonds lipid subunit glycerol with fatty acid nucleic acid subunit nucleotides carbohydrate examples sugars, starches, glycogen protein examples enzymes, hemoglobin, keratin nucleic acid examples DNA, RNA lipid examples fats, oils, and waxes starch a polysaccharide that stores glucose in plants glycogen a polysaccharide that stores glucose in animals function of carbohydrates energy source, stucture function of proteins 3rd source of energy, helps builds and repairs muscle tissue, makes hormones, enzymes, antibodies, and pigments function of nucleic acids code for proteins and genetic material function of lipids long term energy storage, reserved energy, cell membrane sucrose glucose + fructose what names of sugars end with -ose what names of enzymes end with -ase saturated fats "bad" fats - artery clogging unsaturated fats "good" fats enzyme protein that speed up chemical reaction chitin complex carbohydrate that makes up the cell walls of fungi; also found in the external skeletons of arthropods cellulose A polysaccharide that provides structural suppost for plants. macromolecule made in living systems from smaller building blocks covalently bonded; four classes: proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids polysaccharide any of a class of carbohydrates whose molecules contain chains of monosaccharide molecules monosaccharide single sugar molecule disaccharide a sugar formed from two monosaccharides phospholipid type of macromolecule that makes up the cell membrane