NURS 6521 / NURS6521 Advanced Pharmacology Midterm Exam | Question and Answers | Latest 2023 / 2024 / Scored 99/100 ggraded a

NURS 6521 / NURS6521 Advanced Pharmacology Midterm Exam | Question and Answers | Latest 2023 / 2024 / Scored 99/100 ggraded a • Question 1 1 out of 1 points A patient with a recent diagnosis of acute renal failure has a long-standing seizure disorder which has been successfully controlled for several years with antiseizure medications. The nurse should recognize that the patient's compromised renal function will likely Response Feedback: Impaired renal function will increase the half-life of drugs that are metabolized by the kidneys. This does not necessarily render such medications ineffective and it does not decrease the first-pass effect. IV administration will not compensate for the patient's impaired renal function. • Question 2 A patient is treated with an antibiotic for an infection in his leg. After 2 1 out of 1 points days of taking the antibiotic, the patient calls the clinic and reports that he has a rash all over his body. The nurse is aware that a rash can be an adverse effect of an antibiotic and can be either a biologic, chemical, or physiologic action of the drug, which is an example of Response Feedback : Pharmacodynamics is the biologic, chemical, and physiologic actions of a particular drug within the body and the study of how those actions occur, including adverse effects. It is how the drug affects the body. The pharmacodynamics of a drug is responsible for its therapeutic effects and sometimes its adverse effects. Pharmacotherapeutics refers to the desired, therapeutic effect of the drug. Pharmacokinetics is the changes that occur to the drug while it is inside the body. Pharmacogenetics is the study of how genetic variables affect the pharmacodynamics of a drug in a specific patient. • Question 3 A home health nurse notes that there have been changes to a patient's 1 out of 1 points oral drug regimen. The nurse will closely monitor the new drug regimen to Response Feedback : Changes in the drug regimen may cause changes in drug absorption and thereby decrease the anticipated drug effect. This decrease is due to the prevention of binding and loss of absorption and overall drug effectiveness. A change in the drug regimen would not help a nurse to track the route of metabolism or determine the speed of chelation. If any adverse effect were to occur as a result of a drug regimen change, it would not necessarily be immunotoxicity; it could also be nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, or cardiotoxicity. • Question 4 1 out of 1 points NURS 6521 / NURS6521 Advanced Pharmacology Midterm Exam | Question and Answers | Latest 2023 / 2024 / Scored 99/100 ggraded a The culture and sensitivity testing of a patient's wound exudate indicates that a specific antibiotic is necessary for treatment. The United States Pharmacopeia–National Formulary indicates that the drug in question is 96% protein bound. What are the implications of this fact? Response Feedback: A drug that is 96% protein bound has only 4% of ingested molecules free and active, a fact that is likely to necessitate a high dose of the drug. This does not result in rapid absorption and/or excretion and does not indicate a need for increased protein intake. • Question 5 A patient has been prescribed several drugs and fluids to be given intravenously. Before the nurse starts the intravenous administration, a priority assessment of the patient will be to note the 0 out of 1 points Response Feedback : Baseline body weight and height, heart rate, and blood pressure are all important considerations during the assessment of a patient. However, if a patient has to be given drugs intravenously, it is important to inspect the skin for rashes, moles, or sores, so those areas can be avoided as an insertion or injection site. • Question 6 A 56-year-old female patient has been admitted to the hospital with 1 out of 1 points chronic muscle spasms and has been prescribed a new medication to treat the spasms. She has a poorly documented allergy to eggs, synthetic clothes, and perfumes. What is the priority action of the nurse to ensure that prescribed medication does not experience an allergic reaction? Response Feedback : The nurse should post an allergies notice on the front of the chart and document the allergies in the appropriate area of the patient's record; this will allow continuous access of the dietary staff and the other members of the health care team to the information and serve to limit errors. The prescriber would always ask the patient about her allergies before prescribing a new medication. The patient is not having an allergic reaction, so treating her for an allergic reaction is unnecessary. If the allergies are documented in the appropriate area of the patient's record, the dietary staff will be aware that the patient should not be served eggs. • Question 7 In response to a patient's nausea, the nurse has mixed a dose of an 0 out of 1 points antiemetic with 50 mL of sterile normal saline and will administer the dose by IV piggyback. What is the rationale for the use of IV piggyback?