Praxis 5005-science practice exam 1 already passed

Praxis 5005-science practice exam 1 already passed What is the main reason why no vaccine shots have been created for common cold? a. too many causes of the common cold to develop vaccine b. common cold has to run its coarse c. because it is a virus d. it contains bacteria Too many causes of the common cold to develop Explanation: Nearly 250 viruses can cause the common cold, so to develop vaccine shots will be difficult. Options b and c are correct, but those are not the main reason. What planet has the shortest year? Mercury- a year on mercury takes only 88 earth days How long does it take the earth to travel the sun The earth takes roughly 1 year to complete its orbit around the Sun Which of the following is the best option to weigh a person? a. scale using lbs b. scale using grams c. dropped weight scale d. body mass scale Scale using lbs Indigenous individuals living in the tropical regions of the world had contribution to modern science. Which practice is most significant influence to modern science? a. using medicinal plants to treat illnesses b. developing the compass c. devising a plan to clean ocean water for daily use d. improving framing practices to better the nutrients level of sand A- indigenous people had to use medicinal plants to treat illnesses. The practices used by the indigenous people carried to modern science medicine What is the process in which rocks are broken down into smaller fragments by the atmosphere and other factors in the environment? Weathering is the process in which rocks are broken down into smaller fragments by the atmosphere and other factors in the environment Which of the following is NOT a form of energy? a. light b. heat c. temperature d. current c- temperature is a measure of hot or cold, and is not a form of energy Forms of energy --> light, heat, currents Which of the following mediums results in sound to travel the fastest? a. air b. light c. water d. wire d- Sound can travel faster through wire than any other option Sound waves travel fastest through a solid material What is true of an anthropod? -arthropods have a segmented body, a tough exoskeleton, and jointed appendages -arthropods are surrounded by a tough external covering, or exoskeleton -arthropods includes insects, crabs, centipedes, and spiders Appendages Appendages are jointed structures that do not extend from the body wall An early childhood teacher is having students drop common objects into a water table. The teacher has the student document which item floats or sinks. Afterwards, a discussion is held on the common properties for objects that sink and float. Which of the following concepts is best introduced with this activity? a. water properties b. desnity c. volume d. mass b. density Density Density is mass per unit volume. Heavier objects will sink while lighter objects float. A cumulus cloud starts to form in a warm air mass that is ascending rapidly through a slightly cooler air mass. What is the most logical cause of condensation in the warm air mass? A reduction in temperature caused by the reduction in atmospheric pressure Cumulus Clouds Cumulus clouds are puffy clouds that sometimes look like pieces of floating cotton. A cumulus cloud starts to form in a warm air mass that is ascending rapidly through a slightly cooler air mass. The reason for this is a reduction in temperature caused by reduction in atmospheric pressure Out of the following, what is considered a vertebrate? a. jellyfish b. butterfly c. earthworm d. hummingbird Hummingbirds are vertebrates. Vertebrate Vertebrates are the most advanced organism on earth. A vertebrate is an animal that has a backbone and a skeleton Solar Eclipse A solar eclipse is a type of eclipse that occurs when the moon passes between the Sun and Earth Lunar Eclipse A lunar eclipse happens when the moon passes directly behind the earth in its umbra An area is most likely to experience _______ the day after a cold front passes. An area is most likely to experience lower temperature the day after a cold front passes. The cold front is also drier than the air ahead of it What are the layers of the atmosphere? Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, ionosphere, and exosphere What is the function of the human skeleton? The human skeletal system provides a rigid frame that supports many organs of the body A storm in the high plains moves toward the mid-west. What most likely causes the storm to strengthen? Clash of cold, dry air from the north will cause storms to gain strength Which of the following steps in making a cup of coffee involves a physical change in the matter? 1. a burner on a propane stove to lighted to heat water 2. boiling water is poured through a filter containing ground coffee 2 only. A burner on a propane stove lighted to heat water will result in physical change in the matter. Physical changes can be reversed Which statement illustrates Newton's 1st law of motion? a. A basketball thrown across a field will fall in an arc to the ground b. a hockey puck gliding on ice will continue moving until friction reduces the speed b. a hockey puck gliding on ice will continue moving until friction reduces the speed Newton's 1st law of Motion Newton's 1st law of motion states that an object at rest remains at rest and an object in motion remains in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. The unbalanced force is friction Which of the following is a renewable source of energy? a. biomass b. gas c. coal d. oil A-biomass Biomass is a renewable source of energy as it is a resource which can be used repeatedly because it is replaced naturally Water changing forms of energy due to the environment is an example of what? Dew on grass On a cool morning, droplets of dew cover the grass. Air is made of a mixture of various gases, including water vapor. Some of the water vapor condenses the cool grass and forms drops of liquid water What are the major layers of the earth? crust, mantle, outer core, inner core Formation of soil 1. additions 2. losses 3. translocations 4. transformations Sedimentary rocks Sedimentary rocks form from particles of sands, shells, and other fragments of material Metamorphic rocks Metamorphic rocks form under the surface of the earth from the metamorphosis Igneous rocks Igneous rocks form when magma cools and hardens What is a large body of water that is surrounded on all sides by land? A lake River A large flowing body of water that empties into a sea or an ocean Ocean An ocean is a vast body of salt water that surrounds a continent Pond A pond is surrounded on all sides by land is typically smaller than a lake Grass-->big-->frog-->owl-->hawk In which part of the food chain the greatest amount of energy transferred? From grass to bug The grass has the most energy as it is the first item listed. As the energy is transferred to the bug, the bug receives the most energy What describes the function of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in a cell? The role of ATP is to transfer energy within a cell What best describes how a virus causes an individual to develop a common cold? Viruses invade host cells, which use the host cell to reproduce. This causes a person to develop symptoms of a common cold The Ring of Fire refers to the volcanoes that are: located around the borders of the Pacific ocean What is the best reason for why the sun and the moon appear to move across the sky? The rotation of the earth The apparent movements of the sun and the moon across the sky are cause by the rotation of the earth on its axis What source gives plants the carbon dioxide needed for photosynthesis? Air is the source that gives plants the carbon dioxide needed for photosynthesis Cellular respiration occurs in __________ . Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that occur in both animals and plants Genotype is to DNA as phenotype is to __________. Genotype is to DNA as phenotype is to expressivity Phenotype The phenotype is the physical expression, or characteristics, of that trait Where is DNA located in a cell? DNA is located in the nucleus In homeostasis, which system controls many of the other body systems? The nervous system controls many other body systems involved in homeostasis How does a sunflower react to the stimuli of light? The stem grows toward the light while the roots grow toward the earth's gravitational pull James had five cubes of equal sizes, He used a balance to find that the mass of one block is 10 grams. James predicted the mass of all five blocks to be 50 grams; however, later, he found out the mass of the five blocks was 55 grams. What conclusion best supports these observations? At least one block has a different mass After harvesting, a farmer plowed the leftover vegetation into the soil. What is the best reason for the farmer to do this? To add nutrients What is the correct order of the four major oceans from largest to smallest in size (Largest) Pacific-->Atlantic--> Indian--> arctic (Smallest) What gasses make up the atmosphere? Nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide When individuals are constantly involved in resistance weight training, they are likely to benefit the body by ____ . Increasing bone density Resistance weight training applies active stress on the skeletal system, which leads to an increase in the density of long bones. This occurs because of an increase in mineral deposition in to the bone matrix Biceps -located in the front, top half of the arm -function is to flex the elbow -used when carrying things What will most likely result in enhancing an adolescent's sense of self-worth? Engaging in team activities in positive manner The keyword to this question is "self-worth". If individuals are working in a team and contributing in a positive manner, they will feel that they are a part of the team. This is related to feeling worthy of oneself Medical attention is required when blood pressure becomes higher than ________ . Blood pressure higher than 180/110 mm Hg requires immediate medical attention as a hypertensive crisis can occur. As individuals develop, the hypothalamus signals the pituitary gland to release the growth hormone and causes the production of thyroxine, resulting in gains in body size and skeletal growth. The increase in this substance is a result primarily of what 2 body systems interactions? Nervous system and Endocrine system Smoking, poor nutrition, inactive, and excessive sleeping are examples of what form of health risk factors? All of these factors are individual choices, so the risk factors are behavioral related