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Uitwerkingen! Hoofdstuk 16 Basisboek wiskunde Craats en Bosch

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Volledige uitwerkingen en antwoorden van het hoofdstuk 11 uit Basisboek wiskunde Jan Craats en Rob Bosch

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Uitwerkingen Hoofdstuk 16

Wiskunde 2



16.1
−3𝑥+4 3 4
a. 3𝑥 + 5𝑦 = 4 → 5𝑦 = −3𝑥 + 4 → 𝑦= = −5𝑥 + 5
5

Het richtingscoëfficiënt (vanaf hier afgekort tot r.c., aangegeven met m) is dan het getal
3
waarmee x vermenigvuldigd wordt: − 5 = 𝑚

Het is een negatief getal, dus dalende lijn: bij vermeerdering van 1 x (bijv. van 3 naar 4)
vermindert y met (3/5)

b. 2𝑥 = 𝑦 + 7 → −𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 7 → 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 7

𝑚=2
4𝑥+3 3
c. −4𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 3 → 2𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 3 → 𝑦= = 2𝑥 + 2
2

𝑚=2
7
d. 5𝑦 = 7 → 𝑦=5

Hier is y constant voor alle waarden van x: een horizontale lijn in het vlak.

𝑚=0
−𝑥−1 1 1
e. −𝑥 − 5𝑦 = 1 → −5𝑦 = 𝑥 + 1 → 5𝑦 = −𝑥 − 1 → 𝑦= = −5𝑥 − 5
5

1
𝑚 = −5



16.2
2𝑥+2 2 2
a. 2𝑥 − 7𝑦 = −2 → −7𝑦 = −2𝑥 − 2 → 7𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 2 → 𝑦= = 7𝑥 + 7
7

2
𝑚=
7

𝑥+2 1 2
b. 𝑥 = 3𝑦 − 2 → −3𝑦 = −𝑥 − 2 → 3𝑦 = 𝑥 + 2 → 𝑦 = = 3𝑥 + 3
3

1
𝑚=3

5𝑥−3 5 3
c. −5𝑥 + 2𝑦 = −3 → 2𝑦 = 5𝑥 − 3 → 𝑦= = 2𝑥 −2
2

5
𝑚=2

, −2𝑥 2𝑥 2
d. 2𝑥 − 11𝑦 = 0 → −11𝑦 = −2𝑥 → 𝑦 = −11 = 11 = 11 𝑥

2
𝑚 = 11

1
e. 𝑥 = 2𝑦 → 2𝑦 = 𝑥 → 𝑦 = 2𝑥

1
𝑚=2

16.3

Het boek wil dat de hoek hier afgerond wordt op gehele graden, zoals te zien in de
antwoorden. De vraag geeft dit niet echt duidelijk op. Ik gebruik bij hoekgraden normaal
gesproken twee cijfers achter de komma (twee decimalen), tenzij anders gevraagd.
1 2
a. 𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 2 → −3𝑦 = −𝑥 + 2 → 3𝑦 = 𝑥 − 2 → 𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 3

1
𝑚=3

1 1 1
𝑇𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡(𝛼) = 3 → 𝛼 = tan−1 (3) = arctan (3) = 18,44

(SOS-CAS-TOA-regel)

Merk hier op dat de aanliggende (verschil in x) altijd 1 is (rekent makkelijk). Wanneer je een
grotere stap neemt in x dan is dit een vermenigvuldiging en moet je diezelfde
vermenigvuldiging toepassen bij y. Dit blijft dus altijd in verhouding.

b. −3𝑥 = −𝑦 + 7 → 𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 7

𝑚=3

Hoek: tan(𝛼) = 3 → α = tan−1 (3) = 71,57
4 1
c. 4𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 1 → 3𝑦 = −4𝑥 + 1 → 𝑦 = −3𝑥 + 3

4
𝑚 = − 3 (dalende lijn)

4 4
Hoek: tan(𝛼) = − 3 → α = tan−1 (− 3) = −53,13

d. 𝑦 = 7𝑥 → 𝑚 = 7

Hoek: tan(𝛼) = 7 → α = tan−1 (7) = 81,87
1 1
e. 𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 2 → −4𝑦 = −𝑥 + 2 → 4𝑦 = 𝑥 − 2 → 𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 2

1
𝑚=4

1 1
Hoek: tan(𝛼) = 4 → 𝛼 = tan−1 (4) = 14,04

,16.4
5
a. 5𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 12 → −2𝑦 = −5𝑥 + 12 → 2𝑦 = 5𝑥 − 12 → 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 6

5
𝑚=2

5 5
Hoek: tan(𝛼) = 2 → 𝛼 = tan−1 (2) = 68,20

b. 4𝑥 = 𝑦 + 8 → −𝑦 = −4𝑥 + 8 → 𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 8

𝑚=4

Hoek: tan(𝛼) = 4 → 𝛼 = tan−1 (4) = 75,96

c. 𝑥−𝑦 =3→ −𝑦 = −𝑥 + 3 → 𝑦 =𝑥−3

𝑚=1

Hoek: tan(𝛼) = 1 → 𝛼 = tan−1 (1) = 45
12 12
d. 12𝑥 + 11𝑦 = 12 → 11𝑦 = −12𝑥 + 12 → 𝑦 = − 11 𝑥 + 11

12
𝑚 = − 11

12 12
Hoek: tan(𝛼) = − 11 → 𝛼 = tan−1 (− 11) = − 47,49

e. 3𝑥 = −𝑦 → 𝑦 = −3𝑥

𝑚 = −3

Hoek: tan(𝛼) = −3 → 𝛼 = tan−1 (−3) = − 71,57




16.5 Vergeet hier niet de modus van de rekenmachine op radialen te zetten!
1 2
a. 𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 2 → −3𝑦 = −𝑥 + 2 → 3𝑦 = 𝑥 − 2 → 𝑦= 𝑥−
3 3

1
𝑚=3

1
Hoek: tan−1 (3) = 0,32 𝑟𝑎𝑑

b. −3𝑥 = −𝑦 + 7 → 𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 7

𝑚=3

Hoek: tan−1 (3) = 1,25 𝑟𝑎𝑑

, 4 1
c. 4𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 1 → 3𝑦 = −4𝑥 + 1 → 𝑦 = −3𝑥 + 3

4
𝑚 = −3

4
Hoek: tan−1 (− 3) = −0,93 𝑟𝑎𝑑

d. 𝑦 = 7𝑥

𝑚=7

Hoek: tan−1 (7) = 1,43 𝑟𝑎𝑑
1 1
e. 𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 2 → −4𝑦 = −𝑥 + 2 → 4𝑦 = 𝑥 − 2 → 𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 2

1
𝑚=4

1
Hoek: tan−1 (4) = 0,24 𝑟𝑎𝑑

16.6
5
a. 5𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 12 → −2𝑦 = −5𝑥 + 12 → 2𝑦 = 5𝑥 − 12 → 𝑦 = 2𝑥 −6

5
𝑚=2

5
Hoek: tan−1 (2) = 1,19 𝑟𝑎𝑑

b. 4𝑥 = 𝑦 + 8 → −𝑦 = −4𝑥 + 8 → 𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 8

𝑚=4

Hoek: tan−1 (4) = 1,33 𝑟𝑎𝑑

c. 𝑥−𝑦 =3→ −𝑦 = −𝑥 + 3 → 𝑦 =𝑥−3

𝑚=1

Hoek: tan−1 (1) = 0,79 𝑟𝑎𝑑
12 12
d. 12𝑥 + 11𝑦 = 12 → 11𝑦 = −12𝑥 + 12 → 𝑦 = − 11 𝑥 + 11

12
𝑚 = − 11

12
Hoek: tan−1 (− 11) = −0,83 𝑟𝑎𝑑

e. 3𝑥 = −𝑦 → 𝑦 = −3𝑥

𝑚 = −3

Hoek: tan−1 (−3) = −1,25 𝑟𝑎𝑑
R99,72
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