3 PYC3705 Transformative Counselling Encounters – Exam Preparations
to see the same problem in a new perspective without making him/her aware of
his/her potential to approach the problem from a different view-point.
Question 2
Providing equality of resources and opportunity for all people upholds the ethical principle of ___.
1. veracity
2. autonomy
3. beneficence
4. justice
Answer: The correct answer is 4
Refer: Tutorial Letter 202/2/2017
Reasoning: The study guide suggests that clinical and counselling psychologists (and by
implication counsellors) need to take into account more than just the ‘traditional
values’ of personal growth, protection of health, and caring and compassion. They
suggest attention to group and collective aspects of well-being: diversity,
collaboration, support for community infrastructures, and social justice. This can be
done by emphasising personal, relational and collective values to avoid
disempowerment by blaming an individual, a family or a group.
Value: Social Justice
Ethical Principle: Counsellors challenge social injustice.
Counsellors pursue social change, particularly with and on behalf of vulnerable and
oppressed individuals and groups of people. These activities seek to promote
sensitivity to and knowledge about oppression and cultural and ethnic diversity.
Counselling must strive to ensure access to needed information, services, and
resources; equality of opportunity; and meaningful participation in decision making
for all people.
Question 3
The study unit on surveying life within the cracks teaches us ___.
1. that by nature, human beings do not have the desire to solve their own problems hence a
constant pool towards failing within the cracks
2. to think about people's experiences of pain, suffering and strive from the context which they
are part of
3. to sympathise better with our clients
4. that we will not be able to solve our clients' problems unless we succeed in identifying
pathological patterns in their behaviour
Answer: The correct answer is 2
Refer: Tutorial Letter 202/2/2017
Reasoning: The study unit on surveying life within the cracks teaches us:
• be sensitive to contextual cues and understand that counselling and
counselling-related processes happen in context;
• see counselling as a way of being in relationship to others;
• understand the importance of having a frame of reference, and
• see the importance of language as a connective device that can enhance
counselling encounters and counselling-related processes.
,4 PYC3705 Transformative Counselling Encounters – Exam Preparations
Question 4
Which of the following is not considered one of the three essential counsellor attributes for building
the therapeutic relationship?
1. Congruence
2. Open questioning
3. Unconditional positive regard.
4. Empathy
Answer: The correct answer is 2
Refer: PYC3705 Study Guide, pg. 64
Reasoning: Option 2 refers to an essential micro-skill, while options 1, 3 and 4 refers to essential
attributes.
Among other things, the counsellor’s warmth, congruence, empathy and non-
judgemental and unconditionally accepting attitude towards the client are of great
importance.
Question 5
The following statement by the counsellor is an example of what skill?
Client· What's the point in trying to stop using, I always relapse sooner or later
Counsellor "You don't see the benefit of stopping at the moment"
1. Summarising.
2. Paraphrase
3. Reflection
4. Reframe
Answer: The correct answer is 2
Refer: PYC3705 Study Note 3
Reasoning: Reflecting feelings is putting words to feelings observed in the client, while
paraphrasing is conveying the same meaning in different words. Note that the
counsellor’s response does not add any new content (a feeling) to what the client
said, therefore option 2 is the correct answer.
Question 6
Which of the following responses is a reflection of feeling for the statement?
"The future looks good since I have stopped using alcohol?
1. 'You are anticipating some good times ahead of you now"
2. "That sounds great"
3. 'You have done well"
4. "Things are working out for you now"
Answer: The correct answer is 1
Refer: PYC3705 Study Note 3
Reasoning: When reflecting feelings to your client:
,5 PYC3705 Transformative Counselling Encounters – Exam Preparations
• Use an appropriate introductory phrase (e.g., sounds like...., you feel...., it
seems...etc.)
• Add a feeling word or emotional label to the stem.
• Add a context or brief paraphrase to anchor or broaden the reflection.
Question 7
Which of the following is an open question?
1. Do you always inject your drugs?
2. Will you consider going into detox?
3. What plans do you have for the next week?
4. How much per week does your drinking cost you?
Answer: The correct answer is 3
Reasoning: Open ended questions can in most cases not be answered with a one-word
response.
Options 1 and 2 can be answered yes/no and option 4 can be answered with a
value.
Question 8
What is being built in the first interview that is required for counselling to continue?
1. Faith
2. Non-professional relationship
3. Rapport
4. Friendship
Answer: The correct answer is 3
Reasoning: Rapport can be understood as a harmonious or empathic relationship. The
development of rapport starts with the initial contact and continues throughout the
counselling process. Effective rapport is crucial for individuals seeking counselling,
as this may be the first encounter with a professional counsellor and this interaction
may either encourage or discourage the client from seeking counselling in the
future or following up for subsequent counselling sessions.
Question 9
The aim of using active listening skills is to
1. Help the client feel understood
2. Encourage the client to disclose information
3. Assist in establishing rapport
4. All of the above
Answer: The correct answer is 1
Refer: PYC3705 Study Guide, pg. 36
, 6 PYC3705 Transformative Counselling Encounters – Exam Preparations
Reasoning:
Question 10
The client's right to agree to participate in counselling, assessment, or other professional procedures
or service after such services are explained and understood is ___.
1. Professional responsibility
2. Personal responsibility
3. Professional relationship
4. Informed consent.
Answer: The correct answer is 4
Refer: Tutorial Letter 202/2/2017
Reasoning: The psychologist should give the client the information she need to give informed
consent right from the start. Topics to discuss include:
• Limits of confidentiality
• Nature and extent of your psychologist’s record-keeping
• Expertise, experience and training
• What services your psychologist can’t or won’t provide
• Estimated length of therapy
• Alternative approaches to treatment or service
• Fees and billing practices
Question 11
You have come across ethical approaches to problem solving in this module. One of those
approaches has been to do with considering the effects of particular actions in particular contexts.
1. Normative ethical approach
2. Virtue ethical approach
3. Relational ethical approach
4. Legal ethical approach
Answer: The correct answer is 3
Refer: Study Note 6
Reasoning: Relational approach
• Considering the effects of particular actions in particular contexts
Distribution of this document is illegal
to see the same problem in a new perspective without making him/her aware of
his/her potential to approach the problem from a different view-point.
Question 2
Providing equality of resources and opportunity for all people upholds the ethical principle of ___.
1. veracity
2. autonomy
3. beneficence
4. justice
Answer: The correct answer is 4
Refer: Tutorial Letter 202/2/2017
Reasoning: The study guide suggests that clinical and counselling psychologists (and by
implication counsellors) need to take into account more than just the ‘traditional
values’ of personal growth, protection of health, and caring and compassion. They
suggest attention to group and collective aspects of well-being: diversity,
collaboration, support for community infrastructures, and social justice. This can be
done by emphasising personal, relational and collective values to avoid
disempowerment by blaming an individual, a family or a group.
Value: Social Justice
Ethical Principle: Counsellors challenge social injustice.
Counsellors pursue social change, particularly with and on behalf of vulnerable and
oppressed individuals and groups of people. These activities seek to promote
sensitivity to and knowledge about oppression and cultural and ethnic diversity.
Counselling must strive to ensure access to needed information, services, and
resources; equality of opportunity; and meaningful participation in decision making
for all people.
Question 3
The study unit on surveying life within the cracks teaches us ___.
1. that by nature, human beings do not have the desire to solve their own problems hence a
constant pool towards failing within the cracks
2. to think about people's experiences of pain, suffering and strive from the context which they
are part of
3. to sympathise better with our clients
4. that we will not be able to solve our clients' problems unless we succeed in identifying
pathological patterns in their behaviour
Answer: The correct answer is 2
Refer: Tutorial Letter 202/2/2017
Reasoning: The study unit on surveying life within the cracks teaches us:
• be sensitive to contextual cues and understand that counselling and
counselling-related processes happen in context;
• see counselling as a way of being in relationship to others;
• understand the importance of having a frame of reference, and
• see the importance of language as a connective device that can enhance
counselling encounters and counselling-related processes.
,4 PYC3705 Transformative Counselling Encounters – Exam Preparations
Question 4
Which of the following is not considered one of the three essential counsellor attributes for building
the therapeutic relationship?
1. Congruence
2. Open questioning
3. Unconditional positive regard.
4. Empathy
Answer: The correct answer is 2
Refer: PYC3705 Study Guide, pg. 64
Reasoning: Option 2 refers to an essential micro-skill, while options 1, 3 and 4 refers to essential
attributes.
Among other things, the counsellor’s warmth, congruence, empathy and non-
judgemental and unconditionally accepting attitude towards the client are of great
importance.
Question 5
The following statement by the counsellor is an example of what skill?
Client· What's the point in trying to stop using, I always relapse sooner or later
Counsellor "You don't see the benefit of stopping at the moment"
1. Summarising.
2. Paraphrase
3. Reflection
4. Reframe
Answer: The correct answer is 2
Refer: PYC3705 Study Note 3
Reasoning: Reflecting feelings is putting words to feelings observed in the client, while
paraphrasing is conveying the same meaning in different words. Note that the
counsellor’s response does not add any new content (a feeling) to what the client
said, therefore option 2 is the correct answer.
Question 6
Which of the following responses is a reflection of feeling for the statement?
"The future looks good since I have stopped using alcohol?
1. 'You are anticipating some good times ahead of you now"
2. "That sounds great"
3. 'You have done well"
4. "Things are working out for you now"
Answer: The correct answer is 1
Refer: PYC3705 Study Note 3
Reasoning: When reflecting feelings to your client:
,5 PYC3705 Transformative Counselling Encounters – Exam Preparations
• Use an appropriate introductory phrase (e.g., sounds like...., you feel...., it
seems...etc.)
• Add a feeling word or emotional label to the stem.
• Add a context or brief paraphrase to anchor or broaden the reflection.
Question 7
Which of the following is an open question?
1. Do you always inject your drugs?
2. Will you consider going into detox?
3. What plans do you have for the next week?
4. How much per week does your drinking cost you?
Answer: The correct answer is 3
Reasoning: Open ended questions can in most cases not be answered with a one-word
response.
Options 1 and 2 can be answered yes/no and option 4 can be answered with a
value.
Question 8
What is being built in the first interview that is required for counselling to continue?
1. Faith
2. Non-professional relationship
3. Rapport
4. Friendship
Answer: The correct answer is 3
Reasoning: Rapport can be understood as a harmonious or empathic relationship. The
development of rapport starts with the initial contact and continues throughout the
counselling process. Effective rapport is crucial for individuals seeking counselling,
as this may be the first encounter with a professional counsellor and this interaction
may either encourage or discourage the client from seeking counselling in the
future or following up for subsequent counselling sessions.
Question 9
The aim of using active listening skills is to
1. Help the client feel understood
2. Encourage the client to disclose information
3. Assist in establishing rapport
4. All of the above
Answer: The correct answer is 1
Refer: PYC3705 Study Guide, pg. 36
, 6 PYC3705 Transformative Counselling Encounters – Exam Preparations
Reasoning:
Question 10
The client's right to agree to participate in counselling, assessment, or other professional procedures
or service after such services are explained and understood is ___.
1. Professional responsibility
2. Personal responsibility
3. Professional relationship
4. Informed consent.
Answer: The correct answer is 4
Refer: Tutorial Letter 202/2/2017
Reasoning: The psychologist should give the client the information she need to give informed
consent right from the start. Topics to discuss include:
• Limits of confidentiality
• Nature and extent of your psychologist’s record-keeping
• Expertise, experience and training
• What services your psychologist can’t or won’t provide
• Estimated length of therapy
• Alternative approaches to treatment or service
• Fees and billing practices
Question 11
You have come across ethical approaches to problem solving in this module. One of those
approaches has been to do with considering the effects of particular actions in particular contexts.
1. Normative ethical approach
2. Virtue ethical approach
3. Relational ethical approach
4. Legal ethical approach
Answer: The correct answer is 3
Refer: Study Note 6
Reasoning: Relational approach
• Considering the effects of particular actions in particular contexts
Distribution of this document is illegal
